The Early Permian organic-rich black coloured limestone from Mugi County, Gifu Prefecture, central Japan, was sampled for ostracods. Eleven species belonging to six genera were identifıed This ostracod assemblage is the first report of Palaeozoic species from central Japan. Nine species are new: Amphissites gifuensis Tanaka and Yuan sp. nov., Aurikirkbya miyakei Tanaka and Ono sp. nov., Glyptopleura mugiensis Tanaka and Yuan sp. nov., Bairdia fujisan Tanaka and Maeda sp. nov., Bairdia ikeyai Tanaka sp. nov., Bairdia spindlica Tanaka and Yuan sp. nov., Bairdia minoensis Tanaka and Ono sp. nov., Microcheilinella subovata Tanaka and Maeda sp. nov., and Microcheilinella tsubogawensis Tanaka and Ichida sp. nov.