Pristiphora fructicola Smith and Dolan, n. sp., is described from Montana. It would belong to the former genus Melastola Wong of the former tribe Pristolini, recently synonymized with Pristiphora Latreille. Adults were numerous around Vaccinium globulare Rydberg (Ericaceae), the presumed host, where larvae feed in the fruits. The species is distinguished from the other two species previously placed in Melastola, P. resinicolor (Marlatt) and P. ferruginosa (Wong) (n. comb.). Several new distribution records and host plant associations are given for the species of “Pristolini.”