Epidemiological data reveals the gastrointestinal (GI) tract as one of the main sites for low-LET radiation-induced cancers. Importantly, the use of particle therapy is increasing, but cancer risk by high-LET particles is still poorly understood. This gap in our knowledge also remains a major limiting factor in planning long-term space missions. Therefore, assessing risks and identifying predisposing factors for carcinogenesis induced by particle radiation is crucial for both astronauts and cancer survivors. We have previously shown that exposure to relatively high doses of high-energy 56Fe ions induced higher intestinal tumor frequency and grade in the small intestine of ApcMin/ mice than γ rays. However, due to the high number of spontaneous lesions (∼30) that develop in ApcMin/ animals, this Apc mutant model is not suitable to investigate effects of cumulative doses <1 Gy, which are relevant for risk assessment in astronauts and particle radiotherapy patients. However, Apc1638N/ mice develop a relatively small number of spontaneous lesions (∼3 per animal) in both small intestine and colon, and thus we propose a better model for studies on radiation-induced carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated model particle radiation increases tumor frequency and grade in the entire gastrointestinal tract (stomach and more distal intestine) after high- and low-radiation doses whether in the Apc1638N/ . We have previously reported that an increase in small intestinal tumor multiplicity after exposure to γ rays was dependent on gender in Apc1638N/ mice, and here we investigated responses to particle radiation in the same model. Phenotypical and histopathological observations were accompanied by late changes in number and position of mitotic cells in intestinal crypts from animals exposed to different radiation types.
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10 February 2014
High-Energy Particle-Induced Tumorigenesis Throughout the Gastrointestinal Tract
Daniela Trani,
Scott A. Nelson,
Bo-Hyun Moon,
Jan J. Swedlow,
Elizabeth M. Williams,
Steven J. Strawn,
Paul L. Appleton,
Bhaskar Kallakury,
Inke Näthke,
Albert J. Fornace
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Radiation Research
Vol. 181 • No. 2
February 2014
Vol. 181 • No. 2
February 2014