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5 October 2023 Functional Response of Three Species of Chrysoperla Preying on Melanaphis sacchari
Gonzalo Espinosa-Vásquez, Héctor González-Hernández, J. Refugio Lomeli-Flores, Raquel Alatorre-Rosas, Laura Delia Ortega-Arenas, José Luis Carrillo-Sánchez, Juan Fernando Solís-Aguilar, Jaime González-Cabrera, Juan Manuel Vanegas-Rico
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Abstract

The sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari, is a worldwide pest that significantly affects sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. In the USA this pest can cause up to 100% yield losses, mainly when no action is taken to control this pest. In this study, the potential of three species of Chrysoperla for biological control of M. sacchari was assessed by comparing predation capacity and functional responses of the three species. Individuals of Chrysoperla carnea were collected in a crop of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the State of Guanajuato, México, while C. externa and C. comanche were obtained from a laboratory colony reared on cereal moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier), and from a commercial planting of pecan, Carya illinoensis (Wangenh), respectively. Our results suggested that C. carnea is a good option for an augmentative biological control program against M. sacchari in sorghum because the species had a mean predation capacity of 119.4 nymphs in 24 hours, and a type II functional response; they were able to locate and consume 80% of their prey even at the low prey density of 64. C. carnea had a high coefficient of attack (0.10) and a short handling time (0.10 hour) compared to the other Chrysoperla species.

El pulgón de la caña de azúcar, Melanaphis sacchari, es una plaga que afecta significativamente al sorgo a nivel mundial. En EE.UU., esta plaga puede causar pérdidas de rendimiento de hasta 100%, principalmente cuando no se toman medidas para controlarla. En este estudio se evaluó el potencial de tres especies de Chrysoperla para el control biológico de M. sacchari, comparando la capacidad de depredación y su respuesta funcional. Los individuos de C. carnea fueron recolectados en un cultivo de trigo en el Estado de Guanajuato, México, mientras que C. externa y C. comanche se obtuvieron de una colonia de laboratorio criada sobre Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier), y de una plantación comercial de nuez pecanera, Carya illinoensis (Wangenh), respectivamente. Los resultados obtenidos indican que C. carnea es una opción viable para un programa de control biológico aumentativo contra M. sacchari en sorgo, porque registró una capacidad de depredación promedio de 119.4 ninfas en 24 h y una respuesta funcional tipo II; pudiendo consumir el 80% de sus presas, incluso en la densidad de 64 presas. C. carnea registró un mayor coeficiente de ataque (0.10) y un menor tiempo de manipulación (0.10 h) en comparación con las otras especies de Chrysoperla.

Gonzalo Espinosa-Vásquez, Héctor González-Hernández, J. Refugio Lomeli-Flores, Raquel Alatorre-Rosas, Laura Delia Ortega-Arenas, José Luis Carrillo-Sánchez, Juan Fernando Solís-Aguilar, Jaime González-Cabrera, and Juan Manuel Vanegas-Rico "Functional Response of Three Species of Chrysoperla Preying on Melanaphis sacchari," Southwestern Entomologist 48(3), 513-522, (5 October 2023). https://doi.org/10.3958/059.048.0302
Published: 5 October 2023
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