How to translate text using browser tools
23 April 2019 Threatened habitat at Great Salt Lake: Importance of shallow-water and brackish habitats to Wilson's and Red-necked phalaropes
Maureen G. Frank, Michael R. Conover
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

Great Salt Lake (GSL) is the largest hypersaline lake in North America and is the fall staging area for a high proportion of North America's Wilson's Phalaropes (Phalaropus tricolor) and Red-necked Phalaropes (Phalaropus lobatus). Unfortunately, diversion of freshwater for agriculture and development has decreased the size of GSL by 48%. To assess the potential impact of a smaller GSL on phalaropes, we collected data from 2013 to 2015 from sites where large, dense flocks of phalaropes congregated and sites where there were no phalaropes. At each site, we measured the densities of invertebrates that were preyed upon by phalaropes, including larval and adult brine flies (Ephydridae), adult brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana), chironomid larvae (Chironomidae), and corixid adults (Corixidae). Abiotic characteristics measured included water depth, water salinity, water temperature, wind speed, and benthic substrate. We analyzed high-salinity sites separately from low-salinity sites because they contained different invertebrates. High-salinity sites were in Carrington and Gilbert bays and were relatively deep (mostly <2 m). At the high-salinity sites, phalaropes exhibited a preference for sites with an abundance of adult brine flies and for microbialite substrates. The low-salinity sites were in Ogden and Farmington bays and were shallow (<1 m). At low-salinity sites, large phalarope flocks were more likely to occur at sites that were shallower, less saline, and had a high biomass of benthic macroinvertebrates. Our results indicate that physical features and prey availability are both important in determining phalarope habitat use at GSL. Phalaropes prefer to use shallower parts of GSL and brackish waters. These areas will be especially impacted by decreased freshwater inflow into GSL.

© 2019 American Omithological Society. ISSN 0010-5422, electronic ISSN 1938-5129 Direct all requests to reproduce journal content to the AOS Publications Office at pubs@americanomithology.org
Maureen G. Frank and Michael R. Conover "Threatened habitat at Great Salt Lake: Importance of shallow-water and brackish habitats to Wilson's and Red-necked phalaropes," The Condor 121(2), 1-13, (23 April 2019). https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duz005
Received: 23 September 2018; Accepted: 8 January 2019; Published: 23 April 2019
KEYWORDS
anthropogenic changes
Brine fly
brine shrimp
foraging habitat
Great Salt Lake
hypersaline lake
microbialites
RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS
Get copyright permission
Back to Top