Two new species of Neoxabea and three new species of Oecanthus are described from Nicaragua: N. cerrojesusensis and N. ottei, O. belti, and O. symesi occur at higher elevations in the northern half of Nicaragua. A large population of O. bakeri was found in dry tropical forest west of Lake Nicaragua. The presence of O. allardi in Nicaragua is documented as the first record outside of the West Indies, and waveforms from the first known recordings of a singing male O. leptogrammus are provided. Keys are provided for Neoxabea and Oecanthus in Central America.