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21 August 2019 Spray mixture pH as affected by dicamba, glyphosate, and spray additives
Thomas C Mueller, Lawrence E Steckel
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Abstract

The pH of spray mixtures is an important attribute that affects dicamba volatility under field conditions. This report examined the effect of different components added to water sources that ranged in initial pH from 4.6 to 8.4. Commercial products were used, which include formulations of dicamba, glyphosate, the drift retardant Intact, ammonium sulfate (AMS), and several pH modifiers. Adding BAPMA salt of dicamba always increased the mixture pH, whereas diglycolamine + VaporGrip® (DGA+VG) had a mixed response. The addition of AMS decreased pH slightly (usually <0.5 pH unit), whereas the addition of potassium salt of glyphosate (GLY-K) always decreased the measured pH (from 1.0 to 2.1 pH units). A substantial pH change could have profound effects on dicamba volatility. Moreover, the 1.0 to 2.1 pH units would not be consistent with the registrant's report stating that GLY-K decreased mixtures with DGA+VG pH by only 0.2 to 0.3 units. The drift retardant Intact had no effect on pH. There was no difference in resultant pH when comparing K salt and isopropylamine (IPA) salts of glyphosate. Spray carrier volume, ranging from 94 to 187 L ha-1, had only a minor effect on measured pH after the addition of various spray components. The addition of selected pH modifiers raised the pH above 5.0, which is a critical value according to the latest dicamba application labels. The order of mixing of various pH modifiers, including AMS, had only limited effect on measured spray solution pH.

Nomenclature: Ammonium sulfate (AMS); N,N-Bis-(3aminopropyl) methylamine salt (BAPMA Dicamba); diglycolamine (DGA); VaporGrip® (VG); potassium salt of glyphosate (K salt); isopropylamine salt of glyphosate (IPA).

© Weed Science Society of America, 2019. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-ncsa/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the same Creative Commons licence is included and the original work is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use.
Thomas C Mueller and Lawrence E Steckel "Spray mixture pH as affected by dicamba, glyphosate, and spray additives," Weed Technology 33(4), 547-554, (21 August 2019). https://doi.org/10.1017/wet.2019.40
Received: 5 April 2019; Accepted: 4 May 2019; Published: 21 August 2019
KEYWORDS
environmental fate
off target movement
pesticides
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