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12 July 2021 Investigating low-dose herbicide programs for goosegrass (Eleusine indica) and smooth crabgrass (Digitaria ischaemum) control on creeping bentgrass greens
John R. Brewer, Shawn D. Askew
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

Only four herbicides are registered for smooth crabgrass or goosegrass control on creeping bentgrass golf putting greens. None of the four herbicides control weedy grasses for the entire season or control weeds postemergence when applied once at labeled rates. Three of the product labels prohibit repeated use or application during stressful summer conditions. We hypothesized frequently applying herbicides at low doses could provide season-long control of summer grasses while minimizing turf injury. Seven field experiments were conducted on creeping bentgrass putting greens to evaluate various herbicides applied monthly, biweekly, or weekly for postemergence and residual control of goosegrass and smooth crabgrass as well as creeping bentgrass putting green tolerance. Metamifop applied twice monthly at 200 g ai ha–1, topramezone applied eight times weekly at 1.5 g ae ha–1, and siduron applied weekly at 5.6 kg ai ha–1 or four times biweekly at 11 kg ha–1 did not injure creeping bentgrass greater than 10% and maintained creeping bentgrass quality and cover equivalent to nontreated turf. Weekly or biweekly programs of fenoxaprop or quinclorac caused unacceptable injury and quality decline. Metamifop applied monthly and either fenoxaprop program controlled both smooth crabgrass and goosegrass by 97% to 99% throughout the growing season. Programs containing either quinclorac or siduron controlled smooth crabgrass by 99% to 100% but did not control goosegrass greater than 39%. All topramezone programs controlled smooth crabgrass by 69% to 77% and goosegrass by 93% to 98%. In additional studies, siduron applied five times biweekly did not injure creeping bentgrass on putting greens and controlled smooth crabgrass by more than 90% at seasonal, cumulative rates between 17 and 65 kg ai ha–1. This method of frequent, low-dose herbicide treatment to control smooth crabgrass and goosegrass on golf putting greens is novel and currently could be legally implemented with siduron.

Nomenclature: fenoxaprop; metamifop; quinclorac; siduron; topramezone; goosegrass; Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.; smooth crabgrass; Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex. Muhl.; creeping bentgrass; Agrostis stolonifera L.

© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America.
John R. Brewer and Shawn D. Askew "Investigating low-dose herbicide programs for goosegrass (Eleusine indica) and smooth crabgrass (Digitaria ischaemum) control on creeping bentgrass greens," Weed Technology 35(4), 604-610, (12 July 2021). https://doi.org/10.1017/wet.2021.55
Received: 6 March 2021; Accepted: 29 June 2021; Published: 12 July 2021
KEYWORDS
ACCase inhibitor
digital image analysis
field analyzer software
HPPD inhibitor
Photosystem II inhibitor
turfgrass injury and quality
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