Intensive research on the stoneflies of Central and Eastern Algeria has uncovered three Protonemura Kempny, 1898 taxa new for Algeria: P. drahamensis Vinçon & Pardo, 2006 and P. algirica bejaiana Vinçon & Muranyi, 2009, and Amphinemura berthelemyi Vinçon, Yasri & Lounaci, 2013. The three Nemouridae Newman, 1853 are endemic of Central Maghreb (Western Tunisia and Eastern Algeria), increasing the list of Algerian Nemouridae to seven species. Two other species, collected only as larvae, could not be identified to species: Amphinemura sp. and Nemoura sp. Protonemura talboti (Navás, 1929) is reported for the first time from Central Algeria (Blida). The distribution and the ecology of the Algerian Nemouridae are discussed. Distribution maps, habitat photos and drawings of the species are presented.