We review the North American cicada fauna providing information on synonymies, type localities, and type material. There are 172 species and 22 subspecies found in continental North America north of Mexico. The species represent 18 genera from eight tribes in three subfamilies within the family Cicadidae. The higher taxonomy is updated based on more recently proposed taxa. The species formerly assigned to Tibicen Latreille, 1825, are distributed into Neotibicen Hill and Moulds, 2015, Megatibicen Sanborn and Heath, 2016, and Hadoa Moulds, 2015, and the species formerly assigned to Cicadetta Kolenati, 1857 now are species of Cicadettana Marshall and Hill, 2017b. Information on the distribution of each species is now provided. Diceroprocta swalei castanea rev. stat. is determined to be the correct name for Cicada castanea Davis, 1916. Seventeen species are removed from the fauna of North America north of Mexico.