BioOne.org will be down briefly for maintenance on 17 December 2024 between 18:00-22:00 Pacific Time US. We apologize for any inconvenience.
How to translate text using browser tools
1 October 2013 Interference Competition Between Sunbirds and Carpenter Bees for the Nectar of Hypoestes aristata
Robert Tropek, Michael Bartoš, Eliška Padyšáková, Štěpán Janeček
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

Interference competition for nectar sources has been repeatedly described between hummingbirds and various insects, but rarely recorded in other nectarivorous birds. We observed aggressive behaviour by African sunbirds (Cinnyris reichenowi and Cinnyris bouvieri) defending the nectar plant Hypoestes aristata against carpenter bees (Xylocopa caffra and Xylocopa inconstans) in the Bamenda Highlands, Cameroon. During 200 hours of observation, we recorded 38 cases of the sunbirds attacking carpenter bees; all these intrusions occurred only in the flower-richest patches of the plant.We predict that similar aggressive interactions will occur between other Old World nectarivorous birds and insects. Such interference competition between distantly related taxa could have an important impact on the evolution of pollination systems.

Robert Tropek, Michael Bartoš, Eliška Padyšáková, and Štěpán Janeček "Interference Competition Between Sunbirds and Carpenter Bees for the Nectar of Hypoestes aristata," African Zoology 48(2), 392-394, (1 October 2013). https://doi.org/10.3377/004.048.0222
Received: 16 October 2012; Accepted: 1 June 2013; Published: 1 October 2013
KEYWORDS
Africa
behaviour
Cameroon
carpenter bees
Co-evolution
interspecific competition
nectar
RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS
Get copyright permission
Back to Top