Aspidistra australis S.Z. He & W.F Xu sp. nova (Ruscaceae) is described and illustrated from southern Guizhou Province, China. It differs from its closest sibling, A. claviformis, by its leaf blades which are oblong-lanceolate and sparsely serrulate above the middle, by its light yellow perianth, by its stamens being inserted slightly below the middle of the perianth tube, and by its stigma being a little enlarged and with a concave apex.