The abundance of wolves in Lithuania is important for the conservation of the species in the Baltic region especially for ensuring its long-term viability. On the basis of distribution maps for 2000–2005, and minimum population counts, I propose that the wolf population in the country is stable, around 200 individuals (15–20 packs). Main threats are highways and, possibly, human disturbance in fragmented forest areas, while the impact of hunting is minor. Preparation and adoption of the national species management plan and agreement on minimum viable population numbers, as well as mitigation of conflicts caused by depredation of domestic animals are the main tasks for the conservation of this species in the near future. High ecological plasticity of the wolf makes it likely that its existence in Lithuania is not threatened.