Australian fauna of the tribe Macrotomini Thomson, 1861 is revised, and 37 species in 16 genera are recognised, illustrated and discussed. Keys to the species are provided. Based on the morphological characters and our previous molecular phylogenetic studies, the following new species are described: Analophus septentrionalissp. nov., Archetypus marginatussp. nov., Brephilydia fearnisp. nov., Eurynassa tuberculicollissp. nov., Hagrides mandibularissp. nov., and Hermerius occidentalissp. nov.; the following new taxonomic actions are proposed: Agrianome howei (Olliff) stat. rev., Cnemoplites cnemoplitoides (Thomson) comb. nov., Eurynassa servillei Thomson stat. rev., Eurynassa stigmosa (Newman) stat. rev., Pesudoplites hamali (Lameere) comb. nov., Arimaspes howeiThomson, 1864 = Cnemoplites (Hermerius) intermediaWilson, 1923syn. nov., and Cnemoplites (Cnemoplites) hamali Lameere, 1903 = Macrotoma (Pseudoplites) inexpectataLameere, 1916syn. nov. Lectotypes are designated for the following species: Prinobius coxalis Gahan, Mallodon jejunum Pascoe, Cnemoplites (Cnemoplites) argodi Lameere, Cnemoplites gahani Lameere, Teispes frenchi Blackburn, Eurynassa servillei Thomson, Cnemoplites (Cnemoplites) blackburni Lameere, and Hermerius impar Newman. Neotypes are designated for the following species: Cnemoplites howei Olliff, Cnemoplites edulis Newman, and Mallodon australis Boisduval. The Holotype specimen of Dioclides prionoides Thomson is discussed and clarified. A checklist to all species of Australian Macrotomini is provided.