Between November, 1966 and November, 1968 serum samples from 725 wild vertebrates from south Florida were examined for antibody to Venezuelan encephalitis virus by the hemagglutination-inhibition test. Antibodies to Venezuelan encephalitis were found in 29 sera from the cotton mouse, Peromyscus gossypinus, the cotton rat, Sigmodon hispidus, the rice rat, Oryzomys palustris, the black rat, Rattus rattus, and the white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus. Recent circulation of Venezuelan encephalitis virus in habitats other than documented enzootic foci warrants extensive ecological studies in areas adjacent to the Everglades National Park.