A new species of Neotermes, N. gnathoferrum, is described based on soldiers, imagoes, queens and workers. Neotermes gnathoferrum is one of three Fijian species of Neotermes, along with N. papua and N. samoanus, known to infest mahogany as well as other economically important native trees. A diagnostic key is provided to distinguish these species. The lectotype and paralectotypes for Neotermes papua are also designated here.