Termite mounds are a ubiquitous feature of savanna ecosystems, yet the mechanisms by which termites (Blattodea: Termitoidae) mitigate the challenges posed by seasonal drought and flooding through mound construction remain insufficiently explored. This study investigates the material properties, water retention capabilities, and resistance to raindrop penetration across three distinct layers of Globitermes sulphureus (Haviland, 1898) (Blattodea: Termitidae) nests. Our findings reveal a pronounced diversification and specialization of materials and functions across these layers. Specifically, the outer layer has decreased moisture permeability, the middle layer has enhanced resistance to water penetration, and the innermost layer has a high capacity for water retention. The integration of these functionally specialized layers provides a compelling evidence for explaining how these termites are able to adapt to the fluctuating environmental conditions characteristic of savanna ecosystems. Furthermore, this highlights the nest's buffering capability against environmental stressors.The complexity of this construction, marked by a level of self-organization rarely observed in the animal kingdom, underscores a significant instance of architectural ingenuity among non-human builders.
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9 October 2024
Three-layered functionally specialized nest structures enhance strength and water retention in mounds of Globitermes sulphureus (Blattodea: Termitidae)
Chun-I Chiu,
Korrawat Attasopa,
Sinsap Wongkoon,
Yupa Chromkaew,
Hauchuan Liao,
Kuan-Chih Kuan,
Piyawan Suttiprapan,
Ikhsan Guswenrivo,
Hou-Feng Li,
Yuwatida Sripontan
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Environmental Entomology
Vol. 53 • No. 6
December 2024
Vol. 53 • No. 6
December 2024
desiccation tolerance
savanna climates
termite nest structure
water preservation
