Damage caused by thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) to several plant species in Brazil is described and illustrated for the first time, namely: Caliothrips phaseoli (Hood) and Dinurothrips hookeri Hood to Mentha sp. (Lamiales: Lamiaceae); Frankliniella insularis (Franklin) to varieties of Rosa × grandiflora Lindl. (Rosales: Rosaceae); Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché) to Plumeria sp. (Gentianales: Apocynaceae); Retithrips syriacus (Mayet) to Terminalia catappa L. (Myrtales: Combretaceae) and Rosa sp.; and Selenothrips rubrocinctus (Giard) to Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess (Malpighiales: Calophyllaceae) and Liquidambar styraciflua L. (Saxifragales: Altingiaceae). The associations between R. syriacus and plants have been reported previously, but information on damage caused by this species is sparse or nonexistent. All other plant associations herein mentioned are first records.