Crane fly (Diptera: Tipuloidea) systematics: past, present, and future

Matthew Petersen; Jon Gelhaus; Pjotr Oosterbroek; Sigitas Podėnas; Virginija Podėnienė; Guilherme Ribeiro; Daubian Santos; Xiao Zhang

doi:10.1093/isd/ixaf005

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Matthew Petersenhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-2840-4211,^1,* Jon Gelhaus,² Pjotr Oosterbroek,³ Sigitas Podėnas,⁴ Virginija Podėnienė,⁵ Guilherme Ribeiro,⁶ Daubian Santos,⁷ Xiao Zhanghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8054-0968⁸

¹Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
²Department of Entomology, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
³Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
⁴Nature Research Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania
⁵Vilnius University, Institute of Biosciences Vilnius, Vilnius, Lithuania
⁶Laboratório de Sistemática e Diversidade, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
⁷Department of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Torun, Poland
⁸College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China

^*Corresponding author. Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 232 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Avenue, St Paul, MN 55108, USA (Email: pet03207@umn.edu)

Abstract

Superfamily Tipuloidea, commonly known as true crane flies, represents a taxonomically and ecologically diverse group within Diptera. Species in this clade are easily recognized by their characteristic long-legged appearance and are widespread across terrestrial and aquatic habitats. This review synthesizes the current state of Tipuloidea systematics, providing an overview of key contributions from the past that have shaped our present understanding. We review the paleontological evidence available for this group and summarize phylogenetic studies that have explored evolutionary relationships across different taxonomic levels. Although significant progress has occurred in documenting global crane fly diversity, opportunities remain to associate conspecific life stages, undertake revisionary taxonomy, and stabilize the classification system through expanded taxon sampling and the use of new genetic markers and mitochondrial genomes in future phylogenetic analyses. Finally, we highlight priority areas for future research to enhance our understanding of Tipuloidea evolution and classification.

Citation Download Citation

Matthew Petersen, Jon Gelhaus, Pjotr Oosterbroek, Sigitas Podėnas, Virginija Podėnienė, Guilherme Ribeiro, Daubian Santos, and Xiao Zhang "Crane fly (Diptera: Tipuloidea) systematics: past, present, and future," Insect Systematics and Diversity 9(1), 1-20, (25 February 2025). https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixaf005

Received: 4 October 2024; Accepted: 29 January 2025; Published: 25 February 2025