The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is an agricultural pest that seriously infests many crops worldwide. This study used electrical penetration graphs (EPGs) and life table parameters to estimate the sublethal effects of cyantraniliprole and imidacloprid on the feeding behavior and hormesis of M. persicae. The sublethal concentrations (LC₃₀) of cyantraniliprole and imidacloprid against adult M. persicae were 4.933 and 0.541 mg L⁻¹, respectively. The feeding data obtained from EPG analysis indicated that the count probes and number of short probes (<3 min) were significantly increased when aphids were exposed to LC₃₀ of imidacloprid-treated plants. In addition, the phloem-feeding behavior of M. persicae was significantly impaired on fed tobacco plants treated with cyantraniliprole and imidacloprid at LC₃₀. Analysis of life table parameters indicated that the growth and reproduction of F₁ generation aphids were significantly affected when initial adults were exposed to LC₃₀ of cyantraniliprole and imidacloprid. The nymphal period, female longevity, total preoviposition period, and mean generation time were significantly prolonged when initial adults were exposed to LC₃₀ of imidacloprid. By comparison, these parameters were prolonged but not significantly in the cyantraniliprole treatment. The fecundity and gross reproductive rate were significantly increased in the treated groups. Similarly, the net reproductive rate was greater in the treated group than the control group. Our results indicate that treatment with LC₃₀ of imidacloprid and cyantraniliprole would lead to a hormetic response of M. persicae, with higher likelihood of occurrence when initial adults were exposed to LC₃₀ of cyantraniliprole.