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20 January 2018 Spatial Distribution and Sampling Plans With Fixed Level of Precision for Citrus Aphids (Hom., Aphididae) on Two Orange Species
Farzaneh Alizadeh Kafeshani, Ali Rajabpour, Sirous Aghajanzadeh, Esmaeil Gholamian, Mohammad Farkhari
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Abstract

Aphis spiraecola Patch, Aphis gossypii Glover, and Toxoptera aurantii Boyer de Fonscolombe are three important aphid pests of citrus orchards. In this study, spatial distributions of the aphids on two orange species, Satsuma mandarin and Thomson navel, were evaluated using Taylor's power law and Iwao's patchiness. In addition, a fixed-precision sequential sampling plant was developed for each species on the host plant by Green's model at precision levels of 0.25 and 0.1. The results revealed that spatial distribution parameters and therefore the sampling plan were significantly different according to aphid and host plant species.Taylor's power law provides a better fit for the data than Iwao's patchiness regression. Except T. aurantii on Thomson navel orange, spatial distribution patterns of the aphids were aggregative on both citrus. T. aurantii had regular dispersion pattern on Thomson navel orange. Optimum sample size of the aphids varied from 30-2061 and 1-1622 shoots on Satsuma mandarin and Thomson navel orange based on aphid species and desired precision level. Calculated stop lines of the aphid species on Satsuma mandarin and Thomson navel orange ranged from 0.48 to 19 and 0.19 to 80.4 aphids per 24 shoots according to aphid species and desired precision level. The performance of the sampling plan was validated by resampling analysis using resampling for validation of sampling plans (RVSP) software.This sampling program is useful for IPM program of the aphids in citrus orchards.

© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Farzaneh Alizadeh Kafeshani, Ali Rajabpour, Sirous Aghajanzadeh, Esmaeil Gholamian, and Mohammad Farkhari "Spatial Distribution and Sampling Plans With Fixed Level of Precision for Citrus Aphids (Hom., Aphididae) on Two Orange Species," Journal of Economic Entomology 111(2), 931-941, (20 January 2018). https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tox380
Received: 24 October 2017; Accepted: 14 December 2017; Published: 20 January 2018
JOURNAL ARTICLE
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KEYWORDS
Green model
host plant
Iwao's patchiness
orange
Taylor's power law
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