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24 November 2022 Development of Novel Early Detection Technology for Hemlock Woolly Adelgid, Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae)
Meg Sanders, Renee Tardani, Alexandra Locher, Kathryn Geller, Charlyn G. Partridge
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

Hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), Adelges tsugae Annand, threatens hemlock forests throughout eastern North America. Management efforts focus on early detection of HWA to ensure rapid management responses to control and stop the spread of this pest. This study's goal was to identify an affordable, efficient trap to aid with airborne environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling approaches as an early monitoring tool for HWA. We initially compared HWA detection success between a standard sticky trap, commonly used for HWA monitoring, and trap designs potentially compatible with eDNA protocols (i.e., passive trap, funnel trap, and motorized trap). Passive, funnel, and motorized traps' estimated capture success probabilities compared to sticky traps were 0.87, 0.8, and 0.4, respectively. A secondary evaluation of a modified version of the motorized trap further assessed trap performance and determined the number of traps needed in a set area to efficiently detect HWA. By modifying the original motorized trap design, its estimated capture success probability increased to 0.67 compared to a sticky trap. Overall, the cumulative capture success over the 16-week sampling period for the motorized trap was 94% and 99% for the sticky trap. The number of traps did impact capture success, and trap elevation and distance to infested hemlocks influenced the number of adelgids captured per trap. As eDNA-based monitoring approaches continue to become incorporated into invasive species surveying, further refinement with these types of traps can be useful as an additional tool in the manager's toolbox.

© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America.
Meg Sanders, Renee Tardani, Alexandra Locher, Kathryn Geller, and Charlyn G. Partridge "Development of Novel Early Detection Technology for Hemlock Woolly Adelgid, Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae)," Journal of Economic Entomology 116(1), 168-180, (24 November 2022). https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toac175
Received: 26 June 2022; Accepted: 23 September 2022; Published: 24 November 2022
KEYWORDS
Early detection
environmental DNA
hemlock
hemlock woolly adelgid
monitoring
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