Synchronization of embryonic development and differentiation of specific uterine cell types to a receptive state is essential for a successful pregnancy. The period of uterine receptivity for implantation is limited. Increased vascular permeability and angiogenesis are hallmarks of the implantation process. Although implantation involves the interaction of numerous signaling molecules, the hierarchical mechanisms that coordinate the embryo—uterine dialog remain poorly understood. This review highlights our knowledge about angiogenesis, uterine receptivity, and hormonal regulation for blastocyst implantation in the mouse. A better understanding of uterine biology during the peri-implantation period would facilitate the further development of reproductive technology.