Helianthus devernii T.M.Draper is described as a new endemic species from two small desert spring populations found within Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area, Clark County, NV. Morphological data and nuclear ribosomal ITS marker data place it in section Ciliares series Pumili. Furthermore, the molecular data allies it most closely to H. pumilus Nutt. Helianthus devernii differs from H. pumilus by its sessile one nerved opposite and alternate leaves, glabrous glaucous stems, and overall smaller heads. The two known populations of H. devernii of approximately 400 individuals occur near the Las Vegas Valley and are threatened by heavy recreational use and exotic plants and animals. A key to the species of Helianthus of Nevada is presented.