Three new combinations are proposed for Codonopsis convolvulacea Kurz subsp. grey-wilsonii (J. M. H. Shaw) D. Y. Hong, C. foetens Hook. f. & Thomson subsp. nervosa (Chipp) D. Y. Hong, C. pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. subsp. tangshen (Oliv.) D. Y. Hong, with changes in rank for all three names. Nine specific, three subspecific, and seven varietal names are reduced to synonymy for the first time in the present paper. In addition, the following names are lectotypified: C. benthamii Hook. f. & Thomson, C. bicolor Nannf., C. convolvulacea subsp. forrestii (Diels) D. Y. Hong & L. M. Ma, C. foetens Hook. f. & Thomson, C. foetens subsp. nervosa (Chipp) D. Y. Hong, C. macrocalyx Diels, C. macrocalyx var. coerulescens Hand.-Mazz., C. macrocalyx var. parviloba J. Anthony, C. modesta Nannf., C. rotundifolia Benth. in Royle, and Campanumoea pilosula Franch. The name Codonopsis convolvulacea is neotypified.