Briza L. (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) is a genus with a controversial circumscription, being either considered sensu lato, including Eurasian and South American species (e.g., Longhi-Wagner, 1987), or sensu stricto, including only four Eurasian species and being considered closely related to the South American species, forming the Briza complex (Matthei, 1975). According to recent phylogenetic analysis, Briza should be accepted sensu stricto, with four Eurasian species, as proposed by Matthei (1975) and other authors. The American species, which were previously published under Briza s.l. or under the genera Calotheca Desv., Chascolytrum Desv., Erianthecium Parodi, Gymnachne Parodi, Lombardochloa Roseng. & B. R. Arrill., Microbriza Parodi ex Nicora & Rúgolo, Poidium Nees, and Rhombolytrum Link, should be included within Chascolytrum, the oldest generic name published for the American species of the complex. As a result, the following 13 new combinations are proposed in Chascolytrum: C. ambiguum (Hack.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. bidentatum (Roseng., B. R. Arrill. & Izag.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. brachychaetum (Ekman) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. brasiliense (Nees ex Steud.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. brizoides (Lam.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. bulbosum (Parodi) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. calotheca (Trin.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. itatiaiae (Ekman) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. koelerioides (Trin.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. monandrum (Hack.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. poomorphum (J. Presl) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. rhomboideum (Link) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, and C. uniolae (Nees) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies. The names Poa koelerioides Trin., Poa tumidula Steud., Poidium brasiliense Nees ex Steud., and Rhombolytrum berteroanum E. Desv. are lectotypified.