Five new species of Metagrion are described from Papua New Guinea: Metagrion annehueberae sp. nov. (holotype ♂ in RMNH), Metagrion pseudolamprostoma sp. nov. (holotype ♂ in SAMA), Metagrion furcatum sp. nov. (holotype ♂ in SAMA), Metagrion lopaui sp. nov. (holotype ♂ in RMNH), Metagrion toxopeus sp. nov. (holotype ♂ in SAMA). New distribution records are provided for two poorly known Metagrion species, and a key to the mature males of Metagrion species occurring east of the Bird's Head Peninsula is given.