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29 September 2022 Survival estimates and hunter outreach are priorities for the collaborative harvest management of Emperor Goose in Alaska
Lara F. Mengak, Liliana C. Naves, Jason L. Schamber
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

Emperor Goose (Anser canagicus) harvest in Alaska was re-opened in 2017 after a 30-year closure, but goose numbers available for a sustainable harvest remain limited. We used a Delphi process, an iterative group communication technique, to elicit expert opinion across 3 successive survey rounds to identify priorities for research, harvest management, and conservation of Emperor Goose. We identified 115 potential participants representing research and management by federal and state agencies, universities, Alaska Native representation in management, and non-governmental conservation organizations. Seventy participants responded to the first survey round (response rate = 61%). We compared responses between 4 participant groups to identify diverse perspectives. All groups, except Native Management, rated the impacts of spring–summer hunting on the Emperor Goose population more highly than impacts of fall–winter hunting. In round 1, the top-rated information and research priorities focused on harvest assessment. In the following rounds, refining survival estimates and population survey methods for Emperor Goose emerged as the two top-ranked research priorities. Improving education and outreach for hunters was the top-ranked conservation and harvest management priority. Formally identifying areas of agreement and disagreement among stakeholders is key for collaborative management, especially with contentious topics, although this step is often overlooked. The Delphi process allowed us to broaden perspectives by including individuals beyond the core entities involved with Emperor Goose management. Because stakeholder groups and individuals may provide input in diverse ways and at differing rates, ensuring that management processes have complementary paths for participation and decision-making helps safeguard against the shortcomings of individual processes. This study will inform ongoing discussions in the context of the revision of the Emperor Goose management plans led by committees within the Alaska Migratory Bird Co-Management Council and the Pacific Flyway Council.

LAY SUMMARY

  • Emperor Goose harvest in Alaska recently re-opened after a 30-year closure, but goose numbers available for a sustainable harvest remain limited. This study's objective was to draw upon expert opinion to clarify research, harvest management, and conservation priorities for Emperor Goose.

  • Using a Delphi process, an iterative group communication technique, we conducted 3 successive rounds of surveys to gather knowledge and perspectives from federal and state biologists and managers, Alaska Native management representatives, university researchers, and conservation organization professionals. We compared responses between groups to identify diverse perspectives.

  • Participants ranked refining survival estimates and population survey methods as top research priorities. Improving education and outreach for hunters was the top-ranked harvest management and conservation action.

  • Formally identifying areas of agreement and disagreement among stakeholders is key for collaborative management. Stakeholders may provide input in diverse ways and rates. Complementary paths for participation and decision-making safeguard against shortcomings of individual processes.

La cosecha de Anser canagicus en Alaska se reabrió en 2017 después de un cierre de 30 años, pero el número de gansos disponibles para una cosecha sostenible sigue siendo limitado. Utilizamos un proceso Delphi, una técnica de comunicación grupal iterativa, para obtener la opinión de expertos en 3 rondas sucesivas de encuestas para identificar las prioridades de investigación, manejo de la cosecha y conservación de A. canagicus. Identificamos 115 participantes potenciales que representan la investigación y la gestión por parte de agencias federales y estatales, universidades, representación de nativos de Alaska en el manejo y organizaciones no gubernamentales de conservación. Setenta participantes respondieron a la primera ronda de la encuesta (tasa de respuesta = 61%). Comparamos las respuestas entre 4 grupos de participantes para identificar diversas perspectivas. Todos los grupos, excepto el de manejo de los nativos, calificaron los impactos de la caza de primavera-verano en la población de A. canagicus de modo más alto que los impactos de la caza de otoño-invierno. En la ronda 1, la información mejor calificada y las prioridades de investigación se centraron en la evaluación de la cosecha. En las siguientes rondas, el perfeccionamiento de las estimaciones de supervivencia y los métodos de estudio de la población de A. canagicus surgieron como las dos prioridades de investigación mejor clasificadas. Mejorar la educación y el acercamiento a los cazadores fue la principal prioridad de conservación y de manejo de la cosecha. La identificación formal de áreas de acuerdo y desacuerdo entre las partes interesadas es clave para el manejo colaborativo, especialmente con temas polémicos, aunque este paso a menudo se pasa por alto. El proceso Delphi nos permitió ampliar las perspectivas al incluir personas más allá de las entidades centrales involucradas en la gestión de A. canagicus. Debido a que los grupos de partes interesadas y las personas pueden brindar aportes de diversas maneras y a ritmos diferentes, garantizar que los procesos de manejo tengan vías complementarias para la participación y la toma de decisiones ayuda a protegerse contra las deficiencias de los procesos individuales. Este estudio aportará a los debates en curso en el marco de la revisión de los planes de manejo de A. canagicus dirigidos por comités dentro del Consejo de Co-manejo de Aves Migratorias de Alaska y el Consejo de la Ruta Migratoria del Pacífico.

Copyright © American Ornithological Society 2022. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Lara F. Mengak, Liliana C. Naves, and Jason L. Schamber "Survival estimates and hunter outreach are priorities for the collaborative harvest management of Emperor Goose in Alaska," Ornithological Applications 124(4), 1-17, (29 September 2022). https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duac036
Received: 7 April 2022; Accepted: 16 September 2022; Published: 29 September 2022
KEYWORDS
Anser canagicus
Anser canagicus
caza
co-management
co-manejo
Delphi Technique
dimensiones humanas
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