Two new oribatid mite species, Hermannobates bifurcatus sp. nov. (Hermanniellidae) and Xenillus brevisetosus sp. nov. (Liacaridae), are described from Ecuador. Hermannobates bifurcatus sp. nov. is similar to Hermannobates monstruosus Hammer in having the combination of a tuberculate prodorsum, foveolate notogaster, and long setiform prodorsal and exuvial notogastral setae and sensilli. However it clearly differs from the latter by having some bifurcate epimeral setae, the surface of the prodorsum, and the lengths of some notogastral setae. Xenillus brevisetosus sp. nov. is similar to Xenillus davisorum J. & P. Balogh in having the combination of the same body surface sculpture and the morphology of the lamellar complex, sensilli, and prodorsal and notogastral setae. However it clearly differs from the latter by the length of the lamellar cusps, interlamellar setae and notogastral setae h₁, and number of genital setae. An identification key to Ecuadorian species of Xenillus is presented.