An annotated checklist of the Brazilian Oripodoidea is provided. It includes 14 species from eight genera and three families. Four species, Protoribates paracapucinus, Peloribates perreti, Scheloribates (Bischeloribates)elegantulus and Haplozetes minutus, are recorded for the first time in Brazil; of these, the last species is recorded for the first time in the Neotropical region. Two new species of the family Haplozetidae are described and illustrated on the basis of adult specimens. Protoribates lemensis sp. nov. differs from all representatives of the triaunguis-group by the presence of prolamellar lines and notogastral setae of medium size. Haplozetes biheterodactylus sp. nov. is most similar to H. minimicoma Beck, 1964, however, it differs from the latter by the long interlamellar setae and bidactylous legs.