Rhizoglyphus species are commonly found associated with subterranean plant organs, where they may lead to direct or indirect damages. The diversity of this genus in Brazil is poorly known and the most frequently mentioned species in the country is Rhizoglyphus echinopus (Fumouze & Robin). However, this species appears on the A1 quarantine list for Brazil. The objective of the present work was to report the Rhizoglyphus species that have been collected in agricultural environments in Brazil. In this study, five species are reported: R. caladii Manson, R. columbianus Oudemans, R. robini Claparède, R. setosus Manson and R. vicantus Manson. Among these, four are new records for Brazil (R. caladii, R. columbianus, R. setosus and R. vicantus).