Two lichenicolous fungi are described as new to science from Brazil: Cryptodiscus gassicurtiae on Gassicurtia coccinea from Alagoas, with very small (60–150 µm diam.), grey to brownish apothecia, and Stigmidium anguinellicola on Nyungwea anguinella from Sergipe, without black patches on the host, and ascospores with halo, 8–11 × 3–3.5 µm. Nine further lichenicolous fungi are reported for the first time from Brazil (or from South America). An annotated list is presented of the 78 lichenicolous fungi previously reported from Brazil.