Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia, damage to drought-stressed aphid susceptible spring wheat ‘Newana’ was investigated in the field. Treatments of drought and D. noxia were imposed simultaneously on 2-leaf and 4-leaf plants for a 4-wk period. The number of aphids per tiller and numerical ratings for leaf rolling and chlorosis at the end of the 4 wk were higher on water-stressed plants than on nonstressed plants when infested at the 2-leaf growth stage. Chlorosis ratings were negatively correlated with chlorophyll meter readings. Leaf surface temperatures were higher on rolled leaves than on flat leaves from both drought stressed and nonstressed plants. Stressed leaves (both flat and rolled) had higher temperatures than nonstressed leaves. Aphids inoculated at the 2-leaf growth stage significantly reduced biomass and grain yield more than drought stress alone. Drought conditions significantly affected biomass and yield more than D. noxia when inoculation occurred at the 4-leaf stage.