Two new species of the Neotropical termite genus Dolichorhinotermes Snyder and Emerson (Rhinotermitidae: Rhinotermitinae) are described and figured. Dolichorhinotermes lanciarius Engel and Krishna, new species, from southeastern Ecuador, is the largest species of the genus and is distinctive in both the major and minor soldier caste. Dolichorhinotermes apopnus Engel and Krishna, new species, preserved in earliest Miocene amber from Chiapas, Mexico, is similar to D. dominicanus Schlemmermeyer and Cancello in Early Miocene (Burdigalian) amber from the Dominican Republic but differs in several significant respects. Distinctions between Rhinotermes and Dolichorhinotermes are briefly discussed.