The Neotropical genus CamarochilusHarris, 1930 (Hemiptera: Pachynomidae) was described based on two species from Panama and Brazil. The genus has not been revised since its original treatment, and specimens beyond the original type series have remained undocumented. Based on examination of 57 specimens, including holotypes or paratypes of the previously described species, we here revise Camarochilus and recognize 10 species, with eight described as new: C. fasciatus, n. sp., C. gilli, n. sp., C. globosus, n. sp., C. harrisi, n. sp., C. medius, n. sp., C. picturatus, n. sp., C. robustus, n. sp., and C. tenuis, n. sp. Habitus images are provided for all species, male and female genitalic structures are documented, and various morphological characters are illustrated using digital photography. Measurements are included for all species. Male genitalic characters including the degree of asymmetry and type of ornamentation of the pygophore and shape of parameres constitute important species-diagnostic features, in addition to coloration and measurements. Distribution maps illustrate that species occur from Bolivia to Honduras, a considerable expansion of the previously known species distribution ranges in this genus.