Courtship and copulation behaviours are yet scantily described in many spider families, and this lack of information limits our understanding of the evolution of such behaviours within and across families. Here, we provide a detailed description of both courtship and copulation behaviour for Oecobius concinnus Simon, 1893. A striking characteristic of the male courtship is the construction of a tubular web (mating web) in which most courtship and copulation occurs. This web likely functions to restrain the female in a reduced space and as a substrate for male pheromones. The courtship consists of a complex web of interactions between both sexes, with some interactions being non-randomly performed.

The enigmatic Cuban araneids Araneus bipunctatus Franganillo, 1931 and Araneus lineatus Franganillo, 1931, neither located nor redescribed since their original descriptions, are discussed. A. bipunctatus is considered a nomen dubium due to the very short and vague description and the absence of type material. A. lineatus is proposed as a junior synonym of Eriophora ravilla (C. L. Koch, 1844) syn. nov. based on examination of the recently rediscovered holotype. Other taxa described by Franganillo in other works are also addressed; 29 other taxa are thereby treated as nomina dubia: Anasaitis arcuata fulgida (Franganillo, 1930) nomen dubium, Araneus fistulosus Franganillo, 1930 nomen dubium, Araneus excavatus Franganillo, 1930 nomen dubium, Ceratinopsis ruberrima Franganillo, 1926 nomen dubium, Hasarius bisetatus Franganillo, 1930 nomen dubium, Leucauge pulcherrima ochrerufa (Franganillo, 1930) nomen dubium, Lycosa anclata Franganillo, 1946 nomen dubium, Lycosa ovalata Franganillo, 1930 nomen dubium, Lycosa rostrata Franganillo, 1930 nomen dubium, Lyssomanes antillanus fasciatus Franganillo, 1935 nomen dubium, Mecaphesa celer olivacea (Franganillo, 1930) nomen dubium, Mecaphesa celer punctata (Franganillo, 1926) nomen dubium, Menemerus depressus Franganillo, 1930 nomen dubium, Menemerus fascialatus Franganillo, 1930 nomen dubium, Menemerus ochraceus Franganillo, 1930 nomen dubium, Menemerus proximus Franganillo, 1935 nomen dubium, Meta serrana Franganillo, 1930 nomen dubium, Misumena picta Franganillo, 1926 nomen dubium, Misumena quadrivulvata Franganillo, 1926 nomen dubium, Nagaina olivacea Franganillo, 1930 nomen dubium, Parasteatoda lunata serrata (Franganillo, 1930) nomen dubium, Pardosa bidentata Franganillo, 1936 nomen dubium, Pardosa maculata Franganillo, 1931 nomen dubium, Scytodes longipes simplex Franganillo, 1926 nomen dubium, Spintharidius viridis Franganillo, 1926 nomen dubium, Stethorrhagus mandibulatus Franganillo, 1930 nomen dubium, Theridion fuscum Franganillo, 1930 nomen dubium, Theridion triangulare Franganillo, 1936 nomen dubium, Witica alobatus (Franganillo, 1931) nomen dubium. Four subspecies, Zosis geniculata altissima (Franganillo, 1926), Zosis geniculata humilis (Franganillo, 1926), Zosis geniculata quadripunctata (Franganillo, 1926), and Zosis geniculata similis (Franganillo, 1926), all described from Havana, are confirmed to be conspecific with the nominate species Zosis geniculata (Olivier, 1789) as first proposed by Bonnet (1959) syns. conf., based on their congruent morphological descriptions. Four non-existent nomina purported to be authored by Franganillo per lapsus of Bryant (1940) and/or Roewer (1955) are also discussed: Ctenonima Franganillo, 1946, Ctenus rufibarbis Franganillo, 1930, Strotarchus striatus Franganillo, 1934 and Thalerothele striatipes Franganillo, 1936.

A new species of Septentrinna Bonaldo 2000, belonging to the yucatan group, is described and illustrated based on eight males and five females. Septentrinna inecol sp. nov., is described from material obtained from shade-tree canopies located in a coffee plantation in Veracruz, Mexico. Natural history data on the new species and a distribution map of all currently known species of the genus in Central and North America are provided.

Three species of the spider family Sparassidae are reported from India. Olios kiranae Sethi & Tikader, 1988 is first recorded from Rajasthan and removed from the status of nomen dubium. The male is described for the first time; the female is redescribed. Gnathopalystes flavidus Simon, 1897 comb. nov. is transferred from the genus Palystes L. Koch, 1875 and reported from Irinjalakuda, Kerala, with a redescription of the male. Thelcticopis moolampilliensis Sunil Jose & Sebastian, 2007 is also recorded from Irinjalakuda, Kerala. The male is described for the first time, the female is redescribed and an unpaired lanceolate appendage between the lateral lobes is documented for the first time for the family. Photos are provided for all three species.

The highly diverse Polysphincta genus group includes a large number of species whose host spider is unknown. Here, we describe the first record of a species of Acrotaphus parasitizing an araneid in the genus Acanthepeira, in this case a subadult male. The cocoon web that the male spider constructed, induced by the third instar wasp larva, consisted of at least seven silk lines that merged into a single thick line 8 cm long. The larva constructed its cocoon near the middle of this thick line, from which an adult male wasp emerged twelve days later.

A new species Euryopis mallah sp. n. (Araneae: Theridiidae) is described from Iran based on both sexes. A correctional note on the female copulatory organ is given. The observation of ant hunting behaviour is reported.

This paper presents new faunistic records, morphological data, and occasional natural history observations on Yllenus uiguricus Logunov & Marusik, 2003 (Salticidae) from south-east Kazakhstan. Three male colour forms and digging behaviour of Y. uiguricus are reported and described for the first time. Brief synopses of digging behaviour and colour polymorphism in Salticidae are also presented.

The lectotype and paralectotype males of Neoholothele incei (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899) are discussed and the lectotype illustrated. Further records of non-type specimens of N. incei found in the collections of the Natural History Museum, London are listed, and new distribution records verified by the first author on the website iNaturalist are presented, and mapped. Further records of the theraphosine Spinosatibiapalpus trinitatis (Pocock, 1903), derived from additional specimens found in the NHM collections, are given.

The species Pamphobeteus antinous Pocock, 1903, P. fortis (Ausserer, 1875), P. insignis Pocock, 1903, and P. ornatus Pocock, 1903 are redescribed, based on examination of the respective type material. Lectotypes are designated for Pamphobeteus ferox (Ausserer, 1875) and P. nigricolor (Ausserer, 1875), with these taxa also redescribed. A new diagnosis and description of Pamphobeteus augusti (Simon, 1889) is presented, based on a non-type male compared against illustrations of one of the syntypes. New distribution records of Pamphobeteus grandis Bertani, Fukushima & Silva, 2008 are presented from Peru. Four new species of Pamphobeteus Pocock, 1901 are described: P. nellieblyae sp. nov., P. urvinae sp. nov. and P. zaruma sp. nov. from Ecuador, and P. lapola sp. nov. from Colombia.

We report for the first time the combing and adding behaviours of cribellar threads by the prithine filistatid Filistatinella domestica. The spiders combed cribellar silk using a leg IV resting on contralateral leg III as in other filistatids. Once it was combed, they added the cribellar thread as has been reported for some members of Filistatinae, the other subfamily of Filistatidae, rather than as in other prithines.

Oxyopes thumboormuzhiensis sp. nov. is described from the Western Ghats of Kerala, India. A detailed morphological description, diagnostic features, and illustrations of the copulatory organs of both sexes of this new species are presented.