We present a five-locus 129-species phylogeny of Rutaceae from subfamily Zanthoxyloideae, with 193 ingroup samples representing 128 species from all 18 genera in the Eriostemon Group and focus on generic and infrageneric limits in Phebalium and its allies. Maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference analyses were performed using three plastid markers (psbA–trnH, trnL–trnF, rbcL) and two nuclear ribosomal markers (ITS, ETS). Asterolasia, Correa, Diplolaena, Eriostemon, Leionema, Nematolepis and Phebalium are each shown to be monophyletic, reaffirming the results of previous authors. The paraphyly of Rhadinothamnus with respect to Chorilaena is addressed by transferring all taxa of Rhadinothamnus into an expanded Chorilaena and a key to species presented. Microcybe is reduced to synonymy under Phebalium and recognised at a sectional level, with the distinctiveness of M. ambigua recognised by erecting a new monotypic section to accommodate it. The denser sampling of the Eriostemon Group in this study has not improved resolution among genera; there is little support for most relationships among genera, a finding similar to that of previous authors. New sectional classifications with keys are presented for Asterolasia, Leionema, Nematolepis and Phebalium.

A phylogeny of Boronia (Rutaceae) is presented on the basis of maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses of plastid (psbA–trnH, trnL–trnF, rbcL) and nuclear (ITS, ETS) markers. Analyses of either plastid or nuclear sequences recovered the same major clades, although with conflicts in resolution among them. The existing classification of Boronia is largely confirmed; sections Boronella, Pedunculatae and Valvatae are supported, and the monotypic sections Alatae and Imbricatae are isolated. Boronia corynophylla Paul G.Wilson is removed from section Algidae to the new section Corynophyllae. Boronia coriacea Paul G.Wilson is removed from section Boronia and placed, with B. inornata Turcz., in the new section Inornatae. Boronia humifusa Paul G.Wilson, B. ovata Lindl. and B. scabra Lindl. are placed in the new section Ovatae. Boronia koniambiensis is retained in section Boronella but placed in a new monotypic series. Section Boronia resolves into two clades that are confined to either south-eastern or south-western Australia, the latter containing three strongly to robustly supported subclades. An identified problem within section Boronia is the lack of morphological apomorphies to assist with formal classification. Despite this, a classification of four series, justified on the basis of the results of the molecular analysis, is proposed. Relationships among the 10 sections of Boronia remain poorly resolved apart from the sister relationships of sections Imbricatae with Pedunculatae, and, Alatae with Corynophyllae.

Two new dwarf species of Diplacrum are described from tropical Australia: Diplacrum blakei K.L.Wilson & R.L.Barrett and D. latzii K.L.Wilson & R.L.Barrett. Diplacrum is the only genus in Cyperaceae tribe Bisboeckelereae occurring in Australia. Historically, it has been confused with Scleria (Tribe Sclerieae). Descriptions are provided for all four Australian species, as well as a generic description and a key to Australian and three additional Malesian and South-East Asian species. Brief comments are made about the species in Africa, the tropical Americas and India.

A new genus in the Dictyotales, Lindauera, is described based on the species Dictyota papenfussii Lindauer from Taranaki, North Island, New Zealand. Lindauera is distinguished from Dictyota by both molecular data and by the possession of primary, prostrate dichotomously branched axes that attach thalli to substrates. We present data extending the known distribution of this species within New Zealand and confirm its occurrence in Australia.