Lectotypifications and a new combination in western North American Cleomaceae. Brittonia 56: 103–106. 2004.—Lectotypes are selected for two taxa in Cleomella, and a new combination is made in Cleomella (Cleomaceae). Also presented is a key to the Intermountain West species and varieties of Cleomella, a description for Cleomella hillmanii and a discussion of its varieties, and a brief discussion on the distribution of the taxa of Cleomella.

A new variety of Draba pedicellata and a lectotype for D. cusickii (Brassicaceae). Brittonia 56: 107–114. 2004.—A closely related group of Great Basin endemic drabas, Draba cusickii O. E. Schulz, D. sphaeroides Payson, and D. pedicellata (Rollins & R. A. Price) Windham, are described, keyed, and discussed in order to put D. pedicellata var. wheelerensis N. H. Holmgren, var. nov. in perspective. Draba cusickii is endemic to Steens Mountain of southeastern Oregon, and D. sphaeroides is known only from three mountain ranges in Elko County, Nevada, whereas D. pedicellata is more widespread in mountain ranges of eastern Nevada in Elko, Eureka, Nye, and White Pine counties. Draba pedicellata var. pedicellata occupies most of the range of the species, with var. wheelerensis being restricted to the Snake Range, just to the east of the range of the typical variety.

Three new species of ferns (Woodsiaceae and Polypodiaceae) from Mexico. Brittonia 56: 115–120. 2004.—Three new species of ferns are described from Mexico: Athyrium tripinnatum, Cystopteris millefolia, and Polypodium praetermissum.

A new species of Diplazium (Woodsiaceae) from Ecuador. Brittonia 56: 121–123. 2004.—A new species of Diplazium, D. lellingeri from Ecuador, is described and illustrated.

A new species of Diplazium (Woodsiaceae) from Ecuador. Brittonia 56: 121–123. 2004.—Se describe e ilustra una nueva especie de Diplazium de Ecuador, D. lellingeri.

Asplenium (sect. Hymenasplenium) basiscopicum, a new species from Bolivia. Brittonia 56: 124–127. 2004.—Asplenium basiscopicum is described, illustrated, and compared to the most similar species, A. purpurascens.

Tigridia amatlanensis (Tigridieae: Iridaceae), a new species from Oaxaca, Mexico. Brittonia 56: 128–131. 2004.—Tigridia amatlanensis is described and illustrated as a new species from Mexico. It is recognized by its nodding flowers and its inner and outer tepals cirrhous and markedly dimorphic in length. It is most closely related to T. hallbergii subsp. hallbergii and T. meleagris. Other morphologically similar species are T. catarinensis and T. molseediana.

Tigridia amatlanensis (Tigridieae: Iridaceae), a new species from Oaxaca, Mexico. Brittonia 56: 128–131. 2004.—Se describe e ilustra a Tigridia amatlanensis como especie nueva que crece en México. Se reconoce por sus flores péndulas y sus tépalos cirrosos, los interiores mucho más pequeños que los exteriores. El taxón propuesto está relacionado con T. hallbergii subsp. hallbergii, T. meleagris. Morfológicamente, también es similar a T. catarinensis y T. molseediana.

A noteworthy new species of Tovomita (Clusiaceae) from Amazonian white sand forests of Peru and Colombia. Brittonia 56: 132–135. 2004.—Tovomita calophyllophylla, from white sand forests of the Amazonian lowlands of Colombia and Peru, is described. The species is unique by its leaves and petioles which somewhat resemble those of two other genera of Clusiaceae, Calophyllum and Garcinia.

A noteworthy new species of Tovomita (Clusiaceae) from Amazonian white sand forests of Peru and Colombia. Brittonia 56: 132–135. 2004. Tovomita calophyllophylla, una nueva especie de los bosques sobre arenas blancas de la Amazonía colombiana y peruana es descrita. Esta especie es única por sus hojas y peciolo que asemejan algo a los de otros dos géneros de Clusiaceae, Calophyllum y Garcinia.

Notes on red oaks (Quercus sect. Lobatae) in eastern Mexico, with description of a new species, Quercus hirtifolia. Brittonia 56: 136–142. 2004.—This article provides descriptions of Quercus hirtifolia, a new oak species endemic to eastern Mexico, and of Q. depressa, a species poorly characterized in the literature. Due to the morphological resemblance of Q. hirtifolia to Q. hintoniorum, Q. hypoxantha, Q. eduardii, Q. laurina, and Q. depressa, a dichotomous key for their identification is provided.

Notes on red oaks (Quercus sect. Lobatae) in eastern Mexico, with description of a new species, Quercus hirtifolia. Brittonia 56: 136–142. 2004.—En este artículo se describe Quercus hirtifolia, una especie nueva de encino endémica al Este de México, y Q. depressa, una especie que no ha sido descrita adecuadamente en la literatura. Debido a la similitud morfológica de Q. hirtifolia con Q. hintoniorum, Q. hypoxantha, Q. eduardii, Q. laurina y Q. depressa, se presenta una clave dicotómica para su identificación.

A new species of Heteropterys (Malpighiaceae) from the semideciduous forests of Bahia, Brazil. Brittonia 56: 143–146. 2004.—Heteropterys andersonii, related to series Metallophyllis Nied., is described as new and illustrated.

A new species of Heteropterys (Malpighiaceae) from the semideciduous forests of Bahia, Brazil. Brittonia 56: 143–146. 2004.—Heteropterys andersonii, relacionada a série Metallophyllis Nied., é descrita como nova e ilustrada.

A new species of Pilocarpus (Rutaceae) from northern Brazil. Brittonia 56: 147–150. 2004.—A new species, Pilocarpus trifoliolatus Skorupa & Pirani from Pará, Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new taxon resembles P. microphyllus Stapf ex Wardleworth and P. alatus C. J. Joseph ex Skorupa by its winged rachis and petiole and by its dilated stigma.

Two new species of Charianthus (Melastomataceae: Miconieae) from the Lesser Antilles. Brittonia 56: 151–158. 2004.—In the course of a phylogenetic analysis and systematic revision of Charianthus, it was discovered that C. purpureus, as traditionally circumscribed, is polyphyletic, consisting of three morphologically diagnosable entities. Thus two new species, Charianthus dominicensis and C. grenadensis, are described and illustrated. Each is endemic to the Lesser Antillean island for which it is named—Dominica and Grenada, respectively. Charianthus, the only vascular plant genus endemic to the Lesser Antilles, comprises six species of nectariferous, hummingbird-pollinated shrubs and small trees.

Rediscovery of Ossaea alloeotricha, an endemic of the high-elevation Massif de la Hotte, Haiti, and its transfer to Miconia (Melastomataceae: Miconieae). Brittonia 56: 159–165. 2004.—Ossaea alloeotricha, described by Urban on the basis of material with very immature flowers, has been re-collected (in flower and fruit) in the cloud forests and moist forests dominated by Pinus occidentalis in the vicinity of Pic le Ciel, 2150 m, on Morne Formon of the Massif de la Hotte (western group), Haiti. The mature flowers of this species have broadly elliptic to suborbicular petals with rounded, asymmetrically notched apices, clearly indicating a placement in Miconia, not Ossaea or Leandra (which have acute to acuminate petals); the species is here transferred to Miconia (sect. Cremanium). Miconia alloeotricha is provided with an expanded description and compared with M. desportesii, M. monciona, M. sphagnicola, and M. tetrandra, the other species of Miconia sect. Cremanium occurring in Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti), and with the phenetically similar M. acuminata (sect. Chaenopleura), with which it occurs in the moist forests near and at the peak of Morne Formon. With the transfer of Ossaea alloeotricha to Miconia, we estimate that 58 species of Miconia occur on Hispaniola.

The subgeneric nomenclature for the herbaceous-stemmed Smilax species (Smilacaceae) of North America. Brittonia 56: 166–168. 2004.—The several names and ranks given to the North American group of Smilax with biovulate locules together with both herbaceous and non-prickly stems are listed chronologically and discussed nomenclaturally. It is concluded that this group of approximately nine species should be known at the generic rank as Nemexia Raf. or at the rank of subgenus as Smilax subgenus Luiste Raf. or at section rank as Smilax section Nemexia (Raf.) A. DC.

Phylogenetic relationships of three genera in Anacardiaceae: Bonetiella, Pseudosmodingium, and Smodingium. Brittonia 56: 169–184. 2004.—Phylogenetic analyses were conducted to determine the relationships between and characterize the morphological variation among three genera of Anacardiaceae: Bonetiella, Pseudosmodingium, and Smodingium. The first two genera are endemic to Mexico and the third to South Africa. Bonetiella and Smodingium are monotypic. Pseudosmodingium has eight species, six extant and two fossil, and all were included in the analyses. Fifty-six anatomical characters for leaves, wood, and fruit, as well as morphological characters, were considered. Our results indicate that Smodingium is not closely related to Pseudosmodingium and Bonetiella, and that these last two genera are sister taxa. Pseudosmodingium is a monophyletic group and the two fossil species are related to species from the same geographical area of central Mexico where they were found. Fruit anatomical characters were significant at the generic level, while leaf anatomical characters were important at the species level in Pseudosmodingium.

Phylogenetic relationships of three genera in Anacardiaceae: Bonetiella, Pseudosmodingium, and Smodingium. Brittonia 56: 169–184. 2004.—En este trabajo se llevaron a cabo análisis filogenéticos para determinar las relaciones filogenéticas así como caracterizar la variación morfológica de tres géneros de Anacardiaceae: Bonetiella, Pseudosmodingium y Smodingium. Los dos primeros son endémicos a México y el tercero a Sudáfrica. Bonetiella y Smodingium son monotípicos. Pseudosmodingium incluye ocho especies, dos fósiles y el resto vivientes, y todas fueron consideradas en los análisis. Se consideraron 56 caracteres tanto anatómicos como morfológicos de hojas, madera y frutos. Nuestros resultados indican que Smodingium no está cercanamente relacionado a Pseudosmodingium y Bonetiella, y que estos dos últimos géneros son taxa hermanos. Pseudosmodingium es un grupo monofilético y las dos especies fósiles están relacionadas a especies que crecen en las mismas áreas geográficas del centro de México, donde fueron descubiertas. Los caracteres anatómicos del fruto fueron significativos a nivel genérico, mientras que los de hoja fueron importantes a nivel de especies en Pseudosmodingium.

Phylogenetic relationships and morphological patterns in Graptopetalum (Crassulaceae). Brittonia 56: 185–194. 2004.—Graptopetalum is a genus of approximately 17 species of mainly dry habitats from Arizona to Oaxaca. Circumscription of the genus has been problematic. A cladistic analysis was performed based on 39 morphological characters to determine if Graptopetalum constitutes a monophyletic group and to determine the relationships among the species. Results indicate that Graptopetalum is not monophyletic. A large clade that includes most of the species of Graptopetalum is weakly supported. In this clade, two subclades received moderate support, one formed by the acaulescent species and another by the haplostemonous taxa.

Phylogenetic relationships and morphological patterns in Graptopetalum (Crassulaceae). Brittonia 56: 185–194. 2004.—Graptopetalum es un género de aproximadamente 17 especies principalmente de zonas áridas desde Arizona hasta Oaxaca. La circunscripción del género ha sido problemática. En este artículo se llevó a cabo un análisis cladístico con base en 39 caracteres morfológicos para determinar si Graptopetalum constituye un grupo monofilético y para determinar las relaciones entre sus especies. Los an;aaalisis recobraron un clado débilmente soportado que incluye a la mayoría de las especies de Graptopetalum. Dentro de este clado dos subclados recibieron un soporte moderado, uno formado por las especies acaulescentes y otro por las especies haplostémonas.