The Hercostomus nanlingensis group is newly found in Tibet and is represented by two species described here: Hercostomus wangi sp. nov. and H. zhangae sp. nov. Keys to the groups of Hercostomus Loew in Tibet and to the Chinese species of the H. nanlingensis group are provided.

The widespread use of electric lamps has created “ecological light pollution” and “artificial light ecology.” Given the important role of insects in ecosystems, how they are affected by light pollution deserves attention. Lamps designed for lighting small areas around residences are used in abundance, but studies specifically examining them are scarce. This study used a light trap to capture insects for 60 summer nights in a suburban town in Virginia, USA. During each night of trapping, one of five different light bulbs was used in the trap (incandescent, compact fluorescent, halogen, warm color temperature LED, or cool color temperature LED). The data suggest that fewer insects overall are attracted to bulbs using LED technology than bulbs using incandescent technology. This difference was also observed in the orders Lepidoptera and Diptera. These results support the use of LED bulbs to reduce the insect attraction and mortality caused by the use of artificial lights at night.

A preliminary survey of the Scarabaeoidea of the Valles Caldera National Preserve and Valles Caldera Science and Education Center was conducted from late July—early September, 2011. In total, 2,432 specimens were collected, representing 4 families and 41 species. Eight of the 41 species represent new state records for New Mexico.

Fifteen new district and regional records of mayflies (Ephemeroptera) are given for Kenora District and Northwestern Ontario, Canada, based upon new field work. Records are provided for species of Arthropleidae (1), Baetidae (3), Baetiscidae (1), Caenidae (2), Ephemeridae (3), Ephemerellidae (2), Heptageniidae (1), and Siphlonuridae (2).

Exix itatiaia sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from Brazil is described and illustrated. A new key to the identification of species is provided.

Foraging traits of honeybees and Osmia bees have previously been compared in crop production. However, less is known about the difference in foraging traits during visits to wild flowers. We conducted experiments to clarify the foraging behavior of Osmia orientalis visiting wild raspberry Rubus hirsutus and compared it with two solitary bees (Micrandrena spp. and Ceratina flavipes) and two honeybee species (Apis mellifera and A. cerana japonica). The average number of visiting individuals of O. orientalis was greater than that of honeybees. For O. orientalis, the handling time and the number of flowers that an individual visited were no different from those of honeybees. However, more O. orientalis individuals than honeybees collected pollen. The study suggests that the foraging activity of O. orientalis for wild raspberry would be as high as that of honeybees.