The wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata is a typical wandering spider and is frequently viewed as a biological indicator. However, published information on the P. pseudoannulata genome is limited. To explore the genomic structure of P. pseudoannulata, we performed a genome survey using high-throughput sequencing technologies at approximately 16.41X coverage depth. We obtained 67.48 Gb of sequence data, with an estimated genome size of 4.11 Gb and guanine plus cytosine (GC) content of 35.34%. The repeat ratio of the P. pseudoannulata genomic sequence was 79.16% and the heterozygote rate was 0.4%. By analysing the characteristics of the genome, 150,288 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified. Among these SSRs, the mononucleotide repeat type was the most abundant (62.56% of total SSRs), followed by the dinucleotide (23.84%), trinucleotide (7.39%), tetranucleotide (3.94%), pentanucleotide (2.24%), and hexanucleotide (0.03%) repeat types. This is the first genome-wide characterization of P. pseudoannulata, which highlighted the genomic characteristics of low hybridization, high repetition, large size, and complex structure. The data obtained from our genome survey will not only aid the design of future P. pseudoannulata whole-genome sequencing projects but will also be valuable for further studies on genetic diversity and evolutionary analysis.

The objective of this study was to determine the variation induced in elemental contents in the whole body tissues of male and female adults of Bactrocera zonata irradiated as 5-d-old pupae with 10, 30, 50, 70 or 90Gy. Analysis for the 11 elements; Mg, Mn, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Fe, Cu and Zn were made by energy dispersive X-ray analyzer by using EDX. The most dominant elements in unirradiated male and female adults were K followed by P, however Mg, Mn and Fe occupied the last order. The major elements in the irradiated male and female adults were P, S and K in all doses. Percentage of total heavy metals Copper + Zinc in irradiated males was lower than their controls. The lower percentage of heavy metals was noticed at doses of 50 and 70Gy (13.96% and 15.03%, respectively) compared with 35.14% in unirradiated males. The same case was shown when female adults irradiated as pupae with 10, 30 and 90Gy, the percentage of total heavy metals decreased from 17.12% in unirradiated females to 16.40%, 14.60% and 16.19% respectively.

Since its introduction to North America from Asia in 2014, the spotted lanternfly has emerged as a pest in rural and suburban settings. In downtown Philadelphia we found adults of the spotted lanternfly concentrated on pavement at the bases of skyscrapers and high-rises. Most of these insects were sluggish or dead. Adults of the spotted lanternfly concentrated also on the 27^th story of a façade of a high-rise, and on the roof of another high-rise. Skyscrapers and high-rises in this city behaved as ecological traps. The possibility that the spotted lanternfly will evolve resistance to such traps is doubtful.

Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) is a destructive polyphagous insect that infests various fruits and vegetables worldwide. Nowadays, radiation technology is widely used as a safe tool for controlling it. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the effect of gamma radiation on adult females of B. zonata. Full-grown pupae were irradiated with female sterilizing and substerilizing doses of gamma irradiation. Exposure to gamma radiation-induced alterations in DNA patterns of adult females, the appearance of some extra bands and the deficiency of others in the RAPD-PCR amplification patterns of irradiated females when compared with unirradiated females.

Tryphera lugubris (Meigen, 1824) (Diptera: Tachinidae) was reared from larvae of Arctia festiva (Hufnagel, 1766) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) feeding on yellow starthistle [Centaurea solstitialis L. (Asteraceae)] plants in Karacadag Mountain of Diyarbakır, Turkey. Arctia festiva was recorded for the first time as host of this parasitoid. Additionally, T. lugubris was recorded for the first time from Turkey. Some information on the host-parasitoid couple, and description of the parasitoid species, is also provided.

Centruroides edwardsii (Gervais, 1843) (Buthidae C. L. Koch, 1837) is recorded for the first time in Panama upon three females collected in Chilibre (northern Panama). Additionally five females and one male of Tityus ocelote Francke & Stockwell, 1987 were collected in a small farm in Capira (Western Panama) being the first record of this species in the Pacific side of Panama. This contribution provides additional information on geographic distribution of these species.

The morphology of third instar antlion larvae of Euroleon nostras (Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785) is described and figured using light and scanning electron microscopy. The specimens were collected in Adıyaman Province, Turkey.

Using the sterile male technique as an eco-friendly pest control tool has been confirmed in many countries. Therefore, this study was targeted to investigate the genetic divergence of the irradiated wax moth using PCR technique “start codon targeted polymorphism” and draw a phylogenetic tree to find the molecular deviation, which affords a theoretical basis for the efficiency of irradiation as a successful control strategy. This was achieved by exposing the pupae to gamma-ray doses (100; sub sterile and 260Gy; sterile). Exposure of the pupae to radiation caused the presence of new extra bands and the loss of others in SCoT analysis of the emerged adults. A dendrogram was constructed based on the similarity index. It was concluded that the irradiated group with sterile dose was more genetically different than both the control ones and the irradiated group with the sub sterile dose. Conclusions: using SCoT technique could be recommended for differentiation between irradiated and unirradiated moths.

Almond (Prunus amygdalus Linnaeus) is very beneficial for human health in terms of high oil, calcium and other mineral substances it contains. It is consumed as fresh almonds, dried nuts, and roasted almonds (with or without salt), as well as in the food industry in the confectionery, chocolate and pastry industries, almond oil, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries, and also as animal feed because its green peel contains sugar. One of the factors that negatively affect production in almond cultivation is plant protection factors. One of these factors is Tropinota hirta (Poda) (Coleoptera: Cetoniidae). In many parts of the world, it causes damage by feeding on the flowers of the trees in commercial almond orchards and is considered as an economically important pest because it causes product losses. In this study, it was carried out to determine the trapping of T. hirta, which is harmful in almond orchards in Mardin province, has an important potential and economic importance in almond production, in different types of traps. The studies were carried out in a garden with at least 100-150 trees at weekly intervals between February and May in 2018. In the experiments, funnel, basin, bucket and sticky plate-shaped pheromone and blue-colored trap types without pheromones were studied. As a result of 13 counts made in 8 different traps, 4 with pheromone and 4 without pheromone, 6,518 T. hirta were caught. In the experiments, it was determined that in terms of the number of traps of T. hirta in both pheromone and non-pheromone traps, the most in funnel-type traps, followed by washtub, water bearer and blue-colored sticky sheet traps. The first emergence of the pest into nature was the beginning of the phenological flowering of almond trees on March 01, when the daily air temperature was 8-10 °C on average. In the period between the second week of March and the second week of April, where the average daily temperature is between 13-15 °C and the average daily humidity was between 40-60% in the gardens, the population density of the pest was at maximum levels and it only fed on flowers during this period. It was determined that the population density of the pest started to decrease rapidly with the end of the flowering period and ended in the third week of May.

Conogethes punctiferalis (Guenée) (yellow peach moth, YPM) and Atrijuglans hetaohei (Yang) (walnut lift moth, WLM), both boring insects of walnut (Juglans regia), exhibit a competitive relationship due to occupying the same ecological niche. However, the effects of climate change, agricultural management, and irrational pesticide use on the damage caused by these insects remains unknown. Long-term field monitoring in this study revealed that populations of YPM have surpassed those of WLM on walnut since 2018, indicating that YPM, previously considered a minor pest, is now becoming a major pest. Furthermore, field survey results showed that the primary pest can complete its life history in the walnut orchard and overwinter inside fallen fruit, allowing four generations every year. Our results provide a theoretical basis for controlling YPM, currently a major pest of walnut fruit in North China.

The present study was carried out in Bangus Valley, located in district Kupwara of Jammu & Kashmir, India. The field trips of the study area were undertaken in 2021 from March to November to explore the butterfly diversity. During the present investigation, 14 species were reported under 13 genera belonging to 3 families. Family Nymphalidae was found to be most dominant, representing six species, while Pieridae and Lycaenidae were representing four species each. Based on the number of genera, Family Nymphalidae was the most dominant representing six genera, followed by family Lycaenidae representing four genera and the Pieridae was least dominant representing three genera. This research will help us better understand the biodiversity of the Valley and may be helpful for establishing conservation plans for butterfly diversity.

Abbreviations. J&K= Jammu & Kashmir; m a. s. l= meters above sea level; N. P= National Park; UT= Union Territory; BGSBU= Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University.