Hesperidanthus is re-established as a distinct genus consisting of five species, including those previously assigned to Schoenocrambe (minus its type) and the monotypic Caulostramina and Glaucocarpum. A detailed description of the combined genus, a key to the species, and complete synonymies are given. The new combinations H. argillaceus, H. barnebyi, H. jaegeri, and H. suffrutescens are proposed. Four of the five species assigned herein to Hesperidanthus are of considerable conservation concern, of which one (H. jaegeri) is endemic to California (Inyo County), and three (H. argillaceus, H. barnebyi, H. suffrutescens) are endemic to Utah (Duchesne, Emery, Uintah, Wayne counties). The fifth (H. linearifolius) is widespread in the southwestern United States (Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas) and adjacent northern Mexico. On the basis of molecular, cytological, and morphological data, the type of Schoenocrambe, S. linifolia, clearly belongs to Sisymbrium and, therefore, Schoenocrambe has to be united with this genus.

Bomarea patinii (Alstroemeriaceae) is a species widely distributed in the Andes. It is easily recognized by its voluminous inflorescences. A new subspecies, B. patinii ssp. umbellata, here reported from Colombia and Ecuador, and possibly Venezuela, is described and illustrated.

Globba praecox Chokthaw., K. J. Williams, & Paisooks., a new species from western Thailand, is described and illustrated. A discussion of this species' morphological affinities and phylogenetic placement within Globba is presented.

Eugenia churutensis X. Cornejo is a new tree species restricted to tropical dry forests of western Ecuador and is described and illustrated here. It is similar to E. argyrophylla B. Holst & M. L. Kawasaki from French Guiana but differs in having glabrous leaves, longer pedicels, and stamens with shorter filaments.

A new species, Alstonia vietnamensis D. J. Middleton, from the Nghe An province of Vietnam is described.

The genus Epigynum Wight from Southeast Asia is revised. Five species are recognized. A key to the species and descriptions are given.

The taxonomic status of Dichaea tenuifolia Schltr. is revised, the species is lectotypified and D. undulifolia Dodson from Ecuador is reduced in synonymy under the former taxon. Populations of Costa Rican Dichaea with thin-textured leaves and smooth ovary, previously included under D. tenuifolia, are recognized as a distinct species, hereafter described and illustrated as D. viridula Pupulin. Dichaea viridula may be distinguished from its closest relative, D. tenuifolia, by the shorter inflorescence, the flowers approximately half in size, the elliptic-lanceolate sepals (vs. narrowly oblong-ligulate), the petals only slightly narrowed at the base, the thick margins of the lip claw, the much shorter apical lobe of the lip, the green sepals and petals, and the white lip.

The taxonomy of several species of Trichopilia sect. Trichopilia with small, mostly white flowers is discussed. Two new species, T. endresiana and T. tubella, are described and illustrated. Both new species are closely allied to T. turrialbae, but can be distinguished by the smaller flowers and the lateral keels of the lip subequally branched to clasp the small osmophores in acute angles, and by the lip distinctly longer than the sepals and the smooth area of the osmophores, respectively.

The vegetation of Ambitle Island is described from a recent survey of its principal environments. Although the interior forests are decidedly depauperate, at least one new species (Amphineuron lindleyi, Thelypteridaceae) has been discovered. The natural-growth communities are otherwise composed primarily of common plants distributed widely through the general region.

A new species of Nyctaginaceae, Pisonia taina, is one of the rarest trees known from Puerto Rico. It has seldom been collected during the past four decades and had been, incorrectly, referred to several species names. It is readily distinguishable from the other five Pisonia of Puerto Rico by the venation on the under side of the leaf blade, which is raised through to the finest ramifications. The low number of individuals known and its confirmed existence in only two areas of Puerto Rico serve here to support its designation as a legally protected species.

A new species of Cyrtopodium from west-northwest Venezuela and from Departamento de Córdoba in Colombia is described and illustrated. It is related to and in the past was confused with Cyrtopodium punctatum, a species from Florida and the Greater Antilles, from which it is easily distinguished based on its much larger and wider bracts and sepals with slightly wavy margins. It differs from all other Venezuelan species of Cyrtopodium in its epiphytic habit and the presence of aerial roots like the ones observed in species of subtribe Catasetinae. Its large flowers and the different proportions of the floral segments distinguish it from Brazilian epiphytic Cyrtopodium species such as C. gigas and C. palmifrons.