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17 December 2020 Normal Electrocardiographic Pattern in Conscious Healthy Domestic Geese (Anser anser)
Michela Pugliese, Rocky La Maestra, Manuel Morici, Massimo De Majo, Filippo Spadola
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to describe the reference intervals of electrocardiographic patterns and values in conscious healthy domestic geese (Anser anser). Standard bipolar and augmented unipolar limb lead electrocardiograms with a direct writing electrocardiograph were recorded in 14 domestic geese. The durations of PR interval, QRS complex, ST and QT intervals, the net of the QRS complex, and the P and T amplitudes were determined at 50 mm/s and at 1 cm = 1 mV. The polarity waveform was examined. The mean electrical axis in the frontal plane was determined in leads II and III. Data are expressed as means and standard deviations. The mean (SD) heart rate was 153.8 (22.4) beats/min. The QRS complex was mainly negative in leads II and III; it was positive in the augmented vector right, augmented vector left, and augmented vector foot leads. The T wave was positive in leads II, III, and the augmented vector foot lead and was negative in the augmented vector right and left leads. The mean electrical axis ranged between –30° to –140°. Electrocardiogram recordings were well tolerated by the geese. The reference intervals provided here can be used to assist in the interpretation of electrocardiographic patterns in geese.

© 2020 by the Association of Avian Veterinarians
Michela Pugliese, Rocky La Maestra, Manuel Morici, Massimo De Majo, and Filippo Spadola "Normal Electrocardiographic Pattern in Conscious Healthy Domestic Geese (Anser anser)," Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery 34(4), 358-363, (17 December 2020). https://doi.org/10.1647/1082-6742-34.4.358
Published: 17 December 2020
KEYWORDS
Anser anser
Avian
domestic geese
electrocardiography
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