Sciodaphyllum P. Browne (Araliaceae) has recently been resurrected to accommodate the majority of Neotropical species previously included in Schefflera J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. Recent field and herbarium studies have revealed many distinctive new species of Sciodaphyllum, including three from the eastern slopes of the Andes in central Peru, which are described and illustrated here: S. geniculatum M. M. Mora, Lowry & G. M. Plunkett, S. oxapampense G. M. Plunkett, Lowry & M. M. Mora, and S. rodolfoi Lowry, G. M. Plunkett & M. M. Mora. The conservation status of S. geniculatum is assessed as Vulnerable (VU) using the IUCN Red List categories and criteria, whereas both S. oxapampense and S. rodolfoi are assessed as Near Threatened (NT).

Anthurium bustamanteae Croat, E. Freire, R. Bleiweiss & F. Sornoza Molina is here described and illustrated. The species is an Ecuadorean member of section Cardiolonchium Schott and has a reddish inflorescence that is visited by birds and arthropods. The species is most similar to A. sanguineum Engl., another bird-visited species.

Se designan lectotipos para 10 nombres correspondientes a especies de Alternanthera Forssk. presentes en Bolivia y el Cono Sur de Sudamérica (Argentina, sur de Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay): Achyranthes capituliflora Bertero, Achyranthes halimifolia Lam., Alternanthera coriacea Herzog, Alternanthera flavescens Kunth, Alternanthera gomphrenoides Kunth, Alternanthera paniculata Kunth, Telanthera crucis Moq., T. densiflora Moq., T. floridana Chapm. y T. manillensis Walp.

Sciodaphyllum zarucchii M. M. Mora, Lowry, Idárraga, Jiménez-Mont. & G. M. Plunkett (Araliaceae) is described as a new species in honor of James L. Zarucchi (1952–2019). It occurs in humid premontane and montane forests on the western slope of the Cordillera Occidental in the department of Antioquia, Colombia, where it is known from only two localities, one of which is highly threatened by forest clearing. A risk of extinction assessment using the IUCN Red List criteria reveals that S. zarucchii is Endangered.

The lectotypification of Saussurea laneana W. W. Sm. is discussed. The name has been considered to be lectotypified based on in sched. annotation of a Dungboo collection at K. However, that did not constitute effective lectotypification, and moreover, it is unclear whether the collection is original material. Original material preserved at CAL is designated here as the lectotype for the name. This lectotypification does not change the application of the name.

Three new species of Malleastrum (Baill.) J.-F. Leroy are described from Madagascar and compared to the most similar of the 22 other accepted species in the genus. Malleastrum acuminatum V. Pérez & J. S. Mill., M. longifoliolatum V. Pérez & J. S. Mill., and M. obovatum V. Pérez & J. S. Mill. are described, differences from the most similar species are presented, and their conservation status is discussed.

Review of specimens and names of Faramea Aubl. (Rubiaceae, Coussareeae) has required new nomenclatural combinations, clarified the identities of some previously described species, and discovered some new taxa. Here we transfer two Faramea names, F. suaveolens Duchass. and F. panurensis Müll. Arg., to Coussarea Aubl.; review the identities of F. cuencana Standl., F. multiflora A. Rich., F. oblongifolia Standl., F. parvibractea Steyerm., F. spathacea Müll. Arg. ex Standl., and F. suerrensis (Donn. Sm.) Donn. Sm.; lectotypify F. multiflora and F. panurensis; transfer to Faramea and lectotypify Rudgea scandens K. Krause; and describe 13 new species and two new subspecies: F. camposiana C. M. Taylor of Ecuador and Peru, F. foreroana C. M. Taylor of Colombia, F. fosteri C. M. Taylor of western South America, F. galerasana C. M. Taylor of Ecuador, F. grayumiana C. M. Taylor of Central America, F. kampauicola C. M. Taylor of Ecuador and Peru, F. neilliana C. M. Taylor of western South America, F. premontana C. M. Taylor of Ecuador, F. quijosana C. M. Taylor of Ecuador, F. ramosiana C. M. Taylor of Colombia, F. reyneliana C. M. Taylor of Peru, F. stoneana C. M. Taylor with two subspecies from Central and western South America, F. suerrensis subsp. miryamiae C. M. Taylor from Colombia, and F. vernicosa C. M. Taylor of Ecuador and Peru.