A new combination, Sciodaphyllum quinquestylorum (Steyerm.) Lowry, G. M. Plunkett & M. M. Mora, is made for a species that was overlooked when Neotropical species previously included in Schefflera J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. (Araliaceae) were recently transferred to the resurrected genus Sciodaphyllum P. Browne.

The interspecific hybrid Pterocarya × rehderiana C. K. Schneid. was first described in 1903 but there is no record of typification. A neotype is designated here from among the earliest collections of the nothospecies stored at the Herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum (A).

Begonia duruisseaui Scherber. and B. rahajasoae Scherber., both endemic to the Masoala Peninsula in northeast Madagascar, are described and illustrated. They both belong to Begonia L. sect. Erminea A. DC. The former is related to B. tsimihety Humbert from which it differs by its fewer, larger leaves, with finely denticulate margins and a villous inflorescence. The latter is morphologically related to B. bogneri Ziesenh. and the recently described B. ambodiforahensis Scherber. & Duruiss., although it differs from both by the combination of very narrow leaves with clearly demarcated petioles and blades, which are villous and pilose, respectively.

Eremitis Döll is a herbaceous bamboo genus (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Olyreae) belonging to subtribe Parianinae that currently includes seven species. During fieldwork conducted throughout the geographic distribution of the genus, two new species with blue iridescent leaves, E. berbertii F. M. Ferreira & R. P. Oliveira and E. fluminensis F. M. Ferreira & R. P. Oliveira, from the Brazilian Atlantic forest, were collected and are here described and illustrated. Eremitis berbertii is endemic to the Private Reserve of Natural Heritage (Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural [RPPN]) Serra do Teimoso, in Bahia State, and E. fluminensis is restricted to the south of Rio de Janeiro State. In this study, micromorphological features of the leaf epidermis of the new species were compared with other species of the genus that display blue iridescence in their leaf blades. Variegated leaves are recorded for the first time in herbaceous bamboos. Comments on habitat, distribution, and conservation status of the new taxa are provided, as well as a revised identification key to all species of the genus described so far.

A new species of Impatiens L. from Hubei, China, I. dasyvexilla Q. L. Gan & X. W. Li, is described and illustrated in this paper. This species is closely allied with I. blepharosepala E. Pritz. in having leaves that are crowded at the upper part of the stem and lateral sepals that are ciliate at the margin. However, I. dasyvexilla is distinctive in its hirsute dorsal petal, conical glands at the leaf base, densely pubescent pedicel, and distal lobe of united petals cleft at the inner side. This new species should belong to Impatiens sect. Impatiens.

Casearia Jacq. (Salicaceae) in Madagascar is in need of taxonomic study. We identify two new species that are endemic to small regions of Madagascar and that, by virtue of their unusually small leaves and other characters, are clearly distinguished from all previously described taxa. Casearia anosyensis Appleq. & M. T. Gates is endemic to a small region near Tôlanaro in the southeast, at low elevations; it is considered to be Endangered by IUCN criteria. Casearia montigena Appleq. & M. T. Gates is found in montane environments in the extreme north, usually at high elevations; its conservation status is uncertain.

Following study of specimens belonging to Astragalus L. sect. Ammodendron Bunge collected from northeastern Iran, two new species and a new record for Iran are described and reported. Astragalus ayatollahii Nasseh, Joharchi & F. Ghahrem. differs from A. biarjmandicus Podlech & Zarre and A. inchebroonensis Maassoumi in having longer racemes with more flowers, only white trichomes on the calyx, and one pair of leaflets in the lower leaves and two pairs in the upper leaves. Astragalus gonabadensis Nasseh, Joharchi & F. Ghahrem. differs from A. baharensis F. Ghahrem. and A. macrobotrys Bunge in characters of the calyx and legume trichomes. Descriptions, distribution maps, and comparative tables of morphological characteristics for these taxa are presented. In addition, the first record of A. excedens Popov & Kult. in the flora of Iran is reported.

The infraspecific taxon Anthurium willdenowii Kunth var. pohlii Engl. is elevated to the rank of species and is given the new name Anthurium maxakali Theófilo, Sakur. & Mayo. Comments about its taxonomy, ecology, and geographic distribution are discussed.

Stigmatodon Leme, G. K. Br. & Barfuss is an exclusively Brazilian genus of Bromeliaceae that occurs mainly on large vertical granite surfaces of inselbergs in the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil. A new species found in cliff ecosystems on inselbergs in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro is described and illustrated. Data are provided on its habitat, ecology, and geographical distribution, together with an evaluation of its conservation status according to IUCN criteria.

Aechmea novoae Flores-Arg., López-Ferr. & Espejo, an epiphytic species distributed in the municipalities of Cabo Corrientes, La Huerta, and Puerto Vallarta in the state of Jalisco, Mexico, is described and illustrated. Morphologically, the new taxon resembles A. mexicana Baker and A. lueddemanniana (K. Koch) Brongn. ex Mez. A comparative table, figures, and a distribution map of the three species are included.