The common European planthopper Conomelus anceps (Germar) is reported from the Avalon Peninsula of Newfoundland, Canada, and Washington State, U.S.A., as the first North American records of this delphacid. Nymphs and adults were found in Newfoundland at 16 localities on common or soft rush, Juncus effusus ssp. effusus L., and at a site in Washington on J. effusus ssp. pacificus (Fernald & Wiegand) Lint ex Zika (Juncaceae). Although the distributional status is equivocal, we consider C. anceps an immigrant in Newfoundland and the Pacific Northwest. Also newly recorded for the Atlantic provinces of Canada are the Nearctic planthopper Phyllodinus nervatus Van Duzee, collected from common hairgrass, Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin. (Poaceae); the Holarctic Megamelus flavus Crawford, which was found on the sedge Carex buxbaumii Wahlenberg (Cyperaceae); and the Nearctic Muellerianella laminalis (Van Duzee), swept from grasses. Pissonotus basalis Van Duzee, a Nearctic delphacid known previously in the Atlantic provinces from Nova Scotia, was found on Aster novi-belgii L. (Asteraceae). Diagnoses, brief descriptions, and habitus photographs of the adults are provided to facilitate identification of these delphacids.

A new species of gall midge, Schizomyia loroco Gagné (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is described from loroco, Fernaldia pandurata (A. DC.) Woodson (Apocynaceae), from El Salvador. Females lay eggs in flower buds that then produce characteristic galls. The new species is described, illustrated, and compared to its congeners.

Cubacubana arubana Mendes 1986, was described from only two female specimens. We describe the male morphology for the first time. Males have the diagnostic articulated submedian appendages on urosternum IV found in specimens of the genus Anelpistina, and Anelpistina arubana, n. comb., is proposed. DNA sequences of 16S rRNA also indicate that the species is widely distributed throughout caves of Aruba and not restricted to the single type locality cave.

Ten species of the genus Tethina Haliday from western North America are reviewed with an emphasis on structures of the male terminalia, which are illustrated. One new species (type locality in parenthesis) is described: Tethina sasakawai (California. San Diego: Camp Pendleton; 33°13.3′N, 117°24.5′W, beach). Tethina thula Sasakawa, which was described from specimens collected in Japan, is reported from Alaska. Four new synonymies are proposed: Rhicnoessa denudata Melander and Rhicnoessa lavendula Melander  =  Rhicnoessa angustipennis Melander; Tethina woodi Foster and Tethina steyskali Foster  =  Rhicnoessa milichioides Melander. Lectotypes are designated for the following five species' names: Tethina angustifrons Melander, Rhicnoessa angustipennis Melander, R. denudata Melander, R. lavendula Melander, and R. horripilans Melander. All species for which males are known are illustrated and distribution maps are provided.

A structured inventory of beetles inhabiting pocket gopher (Geomys breviceps Baird) burrows in Louisiana was conducted over a three year period. Samples from 27 burrow systems at seven different sites were collected, as well as species records from existing collections and prior publications. From these samples, and published references, 21 beetle species from four families (4 Histeridae, 2 Leiodidae, 7 Scarabaeidae, and 8 Staphylinidae) are here recorded from pocket gopher burrows in Louisiana. However, species from other families remain undetermined. Many species identified are new state records for Louisiana. Our results indicate a similar beetle fauna to those found in pocket gopher burrows in Texas and Oklahoma but differing from that of burrow systems in Florida, Nebraska, and Wisconsin. The beetle fauna associated with two subspecies of pocket gopher present in Louisiana are discussed in detail and evolutionary hypotheses for the discrepancy in species richness provided.

The genus Sceptonia Winnertz, 1863 (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) from China is revised. Four species are recognized, including Sceptonia laxa, n. sp., which is described and illustrated. A key to the Chinese species of this genus is provided.

The Nearctic genus Triznaka is reviewed with T. sheldoni, n. sp. described from White Pine County, Nevada, U.S.A. The new species is compared to T. pintada and T. signata. The distinctive armature of the aedeagus and color of the pronotum distinguish the male, while the emarginate to notched subgenital plate and color pattern of the pronotum distinguish the female. The new species is primarily restricted to the Great Basin biogeographic region.

Four new species of Dolichopodidae are described from central Pennsylvania: Campsicnemus wilderae Runyon, Dolichopus dracula Runyon, Dolichopus hurleyi Runyon, and Dolichopus frosti Runyon. Keys to males of Campsicnemus Haliday and Dolichopus Latreille with lamellate aristae are provided for species from eastern North America.

Bactrophyamixia brailovskyi , new species (tribe Micrelytrini), is described from Province Puntarenas, Costa Rica. This species extends the range of the genus from southern México 1,200 km south and east, into Central America. Differences between this species and the three others in the genus are discussed; the similarities between Bactrophyamixia and related New World genera also are discussed; and the new species is figured.

As a contribution to the All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, a list of the 234 species of sawflies in 10 families collected in the park are presented. Localities in the park, numbers of specimens, inclusive dates of collection, inclusive altitudes, and host plants for each species are given.

Specimens of the Palearctic rove beetle Quedius cruentus have been collected in seven northeastern states (Michigan, Ohio, New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Maine, Pennsylvania) and one eastern Canadian province (Quebec) from 2001 to the present as a result of exotic bark beetle surveillance projects. Earliest specimen records, based on collections in New York, date back to the early 1980s. The Quebec records are the first for this immigrant species in Canada. All locality records are listed and mapped. Recognition features are described and illustrated, and a summary of its known biology is provided.

The plant-arthropod interactions of a native carnivorous plant, the English sundew, Drosera anglica Hudson, were studied in the Nisbet Provincial Forest of central Saskatchewan, Canada during July–August 2000 and June–August 2001. The principal insect groups collected from sundew leaves were biting and predaceous midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and non-biting midges (Chironomidae), in nearly equal proportions. More than 1,600 individuals of each of these primitive flies were collected each year, with each family representing 30–35% of total identifiable prey. Fifteen species of ceratopogonids were identified in seven genera, with the majority (75.7%) being either Atrichopogon websteri (Coquillett) or Dasyhelea spp. The overall sex ratio of ceratopogonids was 15∶1, females to males.

The anthocorid Amphiareus obscuriceps (Poppius) is reported for the first time from North America based on records from one Canadian province (Ontario), 14 U.S. states (Connecticut, Georgia, Illinois, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia), and the District of Columbia. A diagnosis, description, adult photographs, and scanning electron photomicrographs are furnished to facilitate recognition, and the dead-leaf microhabitat, associated plants, and psocids and other potential prey of this species are discussed.

The larvae (three instars) of Gonzaga nigriceps (McLachlan, 1868) from Brazil are described; adults are redescribed (including male and female genitalia); and biological notes are provided. The morphology of both the larvae and adults of G. nigriceps indicates that the species could fall within Gonzaga or Leucochrysa, a closely related leucochrysine genus. We retain its placement in Gonzaga, but we question the ultimate validity of the genus.

The temperate eastern Asian formicine ant, Paratrechina flavipes (Smith), is reported for the first time from Ohio. The collection locality (41°29′32″N, 81°35′34″W) in the Doan Brook Watershed of the Greater Cleveland area is the westernmost known occurrence of this ant in the continental United States.

Compluriscutula vetulum , n. gen., n. sp. (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae), is described from Lower Cretaceous Burmese amber. Diagnostic characters include a circular body, thirteen festoons, elongate 4-segmented palpi with the fourth segment distinct and subapical, the absence of eyes and an anal groove, and the presence of 3–4 uneven rows of 2/2 unequal teeth located on the anterior half of the hypostome. The larger teeth are covered with minute denticles. This is the third genus of hard ticks reported from Burmese amber, showing that a high level of tick diversity existed 100 mya.

Four species of the genus Zygomyia Winnertz (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) from China are recognized, including Z. adpressa, n. sp., and Z. diplocercusa, n. sp., which are described and illustrated. A key to Chinese species is provided.

Eight new species of the genus Leptonema are described from South America, bringing the total described New World species to 106. The males are described and their genitalia figured for all: Leptonema anomalum (Peru), L. bifurcatodes (Brazil), L. coronatum (Venezuela), L. cressae (Venezuela), L. lineaticorne (Peru, Brazil), L. macacu (Brazil), L. nubestre (Colombia), and L. sociale (Ecuador, Peru).

Xyleborus seriatus Blandford, an ambrosia beetle described from Japan, is reported for the first time from North America, based on specimens examined from Massachusetts. A re-description and diagnosis of the adult female, a summary of known distribution and biology, a revision to an existing key to North American xyleborine species to include this newly detected immigrant, and photographs of the adult habitus and other diagnostic morphological features are presented.

Cephalonomia rhizoperthae , n. sp., parasitizing Rhizopertha dominica (F.) from China, is described and illustrated. A key to the Chinese species of Cephalonomia is provided.

Aphids belonging to the genus Aphis collected on species of Discaria, Condalia, Colletia, and Trevoa (Rhamnaceae), and on Tristerix sp. (Loranthaceae) parasitic on Colletia spinosissima, in Argentina and Chile were studied. Apterous parthenogenetic females (fundatrigeniae and fundatrices), viviparous alatae females, oviparous females, and males of Aphis conflicta, n. sp., are described. A key to Aphidini species that could be found on Rhamnaceae in South America is given.

The genus Drymeia Meigen is extremely speciose in China, where some 50% of the more than 80 world species are to be found. This article gives a generic diagnosis and a key to the known Chinese species, including their distribution. Three new species are described, Drymeia pilosa, Drymeia falcifemora, and Drymeia bispinula, the first two from Tibet and the last from Shaanxi Province.

Sitochroa palealis (Denis and Schiffermüller) is recorded from North America for the first time. Adults were collected in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan and Wisconsin. The capture of larvae and adults in four states over a six-year period is strong evidence that S. palealis is established in North America. Characters separating S. palealis from other Sitochroa in North America are given. The potential impact of S. palealis to prairies, agriculture, and biocontrol of noxious weeds is discussed.