The major threats to sustaining rangelands in the 21st century are climate and land-use change, both of which originate outside of rangelands themselves.

Society's demands on rangelands have shifted away from livestock production and toward services and disservices such as climate mitigation and greenhouse gas emissions.

Sustaining rangelands in the United States depends on sustainability of the larger beef production system, including crop agriculture, feeding, and finishing.

Understanding the history of the beef system helps identify strategies and priorities for sustaining rangelands and meeting society's evolving demands.

Rates of ecosystem change are accelerating in rangelands, but development of technologies to detect and react to change is accelerating at the same time.

New management frameworks, including novel ecosystems and Resist-Accept-Direct (RAD) provide new ways of thinking about management strategies.

We describe how we are integrating several digital tools and new management frameworks on the Jornada Experimental Range as an example to help land managers imagine how these tools might be applied in their contexts.

Agriculture is undergoing a rapid shift with the integration of digital technologies, resulting in a new form of production, “Agriculture 4.0” integrates not only sensors and robotics, but also the internet of things, cloud computing, data analytics, and decision support systems.

The use of digital technologies for production of grazing land is generally referred to as Precision Livestock Farming (PLF).

We provide a review and synthesis of design processes, with a focus on the human-centered design process and the Responsible Innovation Framework—to provide insights to guide research and development of PLF technologies in rangelands.

We describe the six stages of a “Design Thinking” process (empathize, define, ideate, prototype, test, and assess) and highlight the dimensions of the Responsible Innovation Framework (anticipation, inclusion, reflexivity, responsiveness, and equity) that are important at each step of the process.

We present a case study of the Sustainable Southwest Beef Project and their translational approach to science to provide an example of a PLF design process and highlight what others may learn from those experiences.