We conducted a literature review and added some novel observations of the natural history of the bordered patch butterfly, Chlosyne lacinia (Nymphalidae). Regarding color and patterning, C. lacinia is considered one of the most variable butterflies in the Western Hemisphere, with phenotypic variation occurring in larvae, pupae, and adults. Several studies have been conducted on C. lacinia, partly due to its notable phenotypic variation and status as a pest species of domestic sunflowers (Helianthus annuus). Even so, the origins, development, and maintenance of phenotypic variation remain poorly known. Having the most extensive geographic range of any species in its genus, C. lacinia ranges from Argentina to the mid-latitude midwestern United States. Moreover, C. lacinia displays six distinct adult morphs across its geographic range. Morphologically continuous, relatively geographically narrow gradients between adjacent morphs have given rise to alternative interpretations about subspecies. By providing the first comprehensive maps of adult morphs, including data collected via citizen science in iNaturalist, we provide directions for further research into the species' biology.

Realizamos una revisión bibliográfica sobre la historia natural de la mariposa del parche bordeado, Chlosyne lacinia (Nymphalidae) que complementamos con observaciones nuevas. En cuanto al color y el patrón, C. lacinia se considera una de las mariposas más variables del hemisferio occidental, con variación fenotípica en larvas, pupas y adultos. Se han realizado numerosos estudios sobre C. lacinia, principalmente debido a su notable variación fenotípica y a su condición de especie plaga del girasol doméstico (Helianthus annuus). Aun así, el origen, desarrollo y mantenimiento de esta variación fenotípica siguen siendo poco estudiados. Teniendo la distribución geográfica más extensa de todas las especies de su género, C. lacinia se encuentra desde Argentina hasta latitudes medias del medio oeste de Estados Unidos. Además, C. lacinia presenta seis distintos morfos adultos a través de su distribución geográfica. Debido a que morfos geográficamente adyacentes presentan una morfología continua entre ellos, el reconocimiento de las subespecies es controversial. A través de mapas de distribución de cada morfo adulto con datos de iNaturalist, planteamos hipótesis y preguntas para futuras investigaciones sobre la biología de esta especie.

A variety of factors affect how much certain plants are eaten by herbivorous insects. In the eastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains of Alberta, Canada, Parnassius smintheus larvae have been described as virtually monophagous on Sedum lanceolatum, however a second host plant Rhodiola integrifolia is found in the region. We explore the differences in herbivory, larval performance, and oviposition between host plants. We also surveyed host plant abundance in the field to determine the amount of feeding damage on both species. In the lab, we found that there was no preference for feeding on S. lanceolatum versus R. integrifolia. The growth and survival of P. smintheus larvae also was not affected by the host plant. In the field we found much lower rates of herbivory on R. integrifolia than S. lanceolatum. We conclude that there are differences in herbivory observed in the field because P. smintheus larvae encounter R. integrifolia much less than S. lanceolatum. Possible mechanisms include the two host plants occurring in different microhabitats, P. smintheus females not ovipositing near R. integrifolia, or P. smintheus larvae not being able to detect R. integrifolia from a distance.

The geometrid Prorella remorata group is now recognized to contain four species with the inclusion of Prorella neremorata n. sp. described from Arizona, USA.

Possible weather and biological effects on the abundance of duskywings (Erynnis Schrank, 1804: Hesperiidae) at Roxborough State Park, Douglas County, Colorado are described over a five-year period (2018–2022). Of nine species reported from the park, four were consistently documented in all five years. Anomalous weather (temperature metrics and precipitation) in the summer of 2020 (and to a lesser degree in 2021), were coincident with abundance declines in E. telemachus Burns, 1960 in 2021 and 2022. Other relatively abundant Erynnis species demonstrated similar 2021 trends, however, E. brizo Boisduval & LeConte, [1837], E. afranius Lintner, 1878, and E. horatius Scudder & Burgess, 1870 all had relatively strong recoveries in abundance by 2022. Possible leaf palatability effects caused by an outbreak of tent caterpillars (Malacosoma californicum Packard, 1864, Family: Lasiocampidae) may have positively affected E. horatius second flight abundance in 2022.

A new host plant record and notes on the immature stages of the butterfly Anthene lycaenina villosina is described and illustrated from specimens documented in the Balinsasayao Twin Lakes Natural Park, Negros Island, Philippines.

Hemileuca artemis Packard was elevated to species status from long-standing synonymy with H. nevadensis Stretch based upon larval morphology. A review of the historical literature and comparison of rediscovered topotype H. artemis larvae to H. nevadensis larvae and to larvae from White Sands National Park, previously erroneously treated as artemis, justifies the return of the name H. artemis to synonymy with H. nevadensis. Because the name artemis is no longer available, the name associated with the White Sands population and the significance of its previously relied upon larval morphology needed to be addressed. Paired sexual pheromone field tests, sexual pheromone chemical analysis, enhanced DNA sequencing, and larval polyphenism all suggest that the larval character(s) previously relied upon to elevate the White Sands population to species status is not sufficiently noteworthy to warrant species or subspecies status, and the White Sands population is reassigned to H. nevadensis.

Infestation of Ophiorrhabda mormopa (Meyrick, 1906) (Tortricidae) on flowers and fruits of Syzygium aqueum and S. samarangense (Myrtaceae) is newly reported from Kerala, India. Diagnosis of O. mormopa, including male and female genitalia, is provided. Mean intensity of infestation on flower buds of S. aqueum was 25.86 % and 35.6 % respectively in two localities. On S. samarangense, 13.3 % was the mean flower infestation. Chrysonotomyia sp. (Eulophidae) and an unidentified Bethylidae (both Hymenoptera) are reported as larval parasitoids of O. mormopa. This is the first report of O. mormopa on S. samarangense and Syzygium myrtifolium.