Two new smut fungi on Ventenata (Poaceae), Tilletia elizabethae (Tilletiaceae) on V. dubia from Slovakia, and T. ventenatae on V. subenervis from Turkey, are described and illustrated. They differ from all other Tilletia species by specialization on Ventenata. Tilletia elizabethae is distinguished from T. ventenatae by having larger spores and a dark cinnamon spore mass, while the spore mass of T. ventenatae is very dark reddish brown.

Citation: Denchev T. T. & Denchev C. M. 2018: Two new smut fungi on Ventenata (Poaceae): Tilletia elizabethae from Slovakia and T. ventenatae from Turkey. — Willdenowia 48: 177-183. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.48.48201

Version of record first published online on 2 July 2018 ahead of inclusion in August 2018 issue.

Lomelosia caucasica, a common and widespread species native in the Caucasus area, was first collected on the SW margin of its distribution area and illustrated as early as 1702. Subsequently, Tournefort published a polynomial for it that was neither taken up by Linnaeus nor by later taxonomists. Even before a Linnaean name was published by Marschall von Bieberstein, this montane to subalpine plant was cultivated in the Loddiges nursery in Hackney in 1808 and in a few other botanical gardens. The details of the first findings of L. caucasica in the wild and its rapid spread in cultivation are elucidated and the pertinent herbarium specimens examined. In addition, the reasons for having proposed a conserved type are presented. A complete list of synonyms with references to protologues are given as well as notes on the distribution and ecology of L. caucasica.

Citation: Lack H. W. 2018: The discovery and naming of Lomelosia caucasica (Dipsacaceae) with notes on its nomenclature and its early cultivation. — Willdenowia 48: 185–194. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.48.48202

Version of record first published online on 17 July 2018 ahead of inclusion in August 2018 issue.

This is the ninth of a series of miscellaneous contributions, by various authors, where hitherto unpublished data relevant to both the Med-Checklist and the Euro+Med (or Sisyphus) projects are presented. This instalment deals with the families Amaranthaceae, Amaryllidaceae (incl. Alliaceae), Apocynaceae, Araceae (incl. Lemnaceae), Asparagaceae (incl. Hyacinthaceae), Cactaceae, Cannaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Commelinaceae, Compositae, Convolvulaceae, Crassulaceae, Cruciferae, Euphorbiaceae, Leguminosae, Malvaceae (incl. Tiliaceae), Neuradaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Orobanchaceae, Polygonaceae and Solanaceae. It includes new country and area records and taxonomic and distributional considerations for taxa in Achyranthes, Allium, Brassica, Canna, Catharanthus, Chlorophytum, Convolvulus, Corchorus, Dipcadi, Hieracium, Ipomoea, Lablab, Lonicera, Mercurialis, Mirabilis, Neurada, Opuntia, Orobanche, Phelipanche, Polygonum, Solanum, Spirodela, Tradescantia, Vinca and Wolffia, new combinations in Hieracium and Phelipanche, and a replacement name in Sempervivum.

Citation: Raab-Straube E. von & Raus Th. (ed.) 2018: Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 9 [Notulae ad floram euromediterraneam pertinentes No. 38]. — Willdenowia 48: 195–220. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.48.48203

Version of record first published online on 20 July 2018 ahead of inclusion in August 2018 issue.

New chromosome counts suggest that the former Leucanthemum vulgare var. esterellense Briq. & Cavill. deserves acknowledgement as an independent species. The new combination L. esterellense (Briq. & Cavill) Vogt, Konowalik & Oberpr., proposed here, denotes a marguerite species endemic to the Massif de l'Esterel (S France) with an octoploid chromosome number of 2n = 72. It is also demonstrated that recently formed hybrids between L. glaucophyllum and L. pallens at Mt Bignone (Liguria, NW Italy) exhibit hepta- and octoploid chromosome numbers. These hybrids are described as L. ×marchii Konowalik, Vogt & Oberpr., a nothospecies new to science. Additionally, the names L. subglaucum de Laramb., L. vulgare var. esterellense Briq. & Cavill. and L. vulgare subsp. glaucophyllum Briq. & Cavill. are lectotypified and new chromosome counts for all presently surveyed Leucanthemum taxa are provided.

Citation: Karyological analysis reveals two new polyploid marguerite taxa (Leucanthemum, Compositae–Anthemideae) in S France and NW Italy. – Willdenowia 48: 221–226. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.48.48204

Version of record first published online on 3 August 2018 ahead of inclusion in August 2018 issue.

The Euro-Siberian complex of Ranunculus auricomus (Ranunculaceae) consists of about 800 mainly apomictic and polyploid taxa. So far, only four sexual species have been described (R. carpaticola Soó, R. cassubicifolius W. Koch, R. notabilis Hörandl & Gutermann and R. marsicus Guss. & Ten.). With the exception of R. marsicus and rare autotetraploids of R. cassubicifolius, sexuality seems to be linked to diploidy. Using flow cytometric ploidy estimation, flow cytometric seed screen and pollen quality, six new diploid sexual species have been revealed in C France, C and SE Slovenia and Croatia: Ranunculus austroslovenicus Dunkel, R. calapius Dunkel, R. cebennensis Dunkel, R. mediocompositus Dunkel, R. peracris Dunkel and R. subcarniolicus Dunkel. Here, they are described and depicted in detail. Sexual reproduction has been verified for R. austroslovenicus, R. cebennensis, R. subcarniolicus and also for the previously described R. envalirensis Grau and R. flabellifolius Heuff. ex Rchb.

Citation: Dunkel F. G., Gregor T. & Paule J. 2018: New diploid species in the Ranunculus auricomus complex (Ranunculaceae) from W and SE Europe. – Willdenowia 48: 227–257. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.48.48205

Version of record first published online on 24 August 2018 ahead of inclusion in August 2018 issue.

The Lactuca lineage is one of nine lineages in the lettuce subtribe (Cichorieae, Asteraceae) distributed in Europe, Africa, Asia and North America. Within the Lactuca lineage two clades show disjunct Eurasian-North American distributions. One disjunct clade consists of diploids (x = 8) and allotetraploids (x = 17), the former restricted to Eurasia and the latter to North America and the Azores. In contrast, members of the other Eurasian-North American disjunct clade are all diploid (x = 9), like the remainder of the Lactuca lineage (diploid, x = 8 or 9). The aims of the present study were to investigate the migration pathways that led to the disjunct distributions of these two Eurasian-North American clades and the potential progenitors of the allopolyploid taxa. We conducted deep taxon sampling and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses using nuclear ribosomal DNA (ETS and ITS), a low-copy nuclear marker (A44) and five non-coding plastid markers. Divergence time estimations with BEAST and ancestral biogeographic estimations with BioGeoBEARS suggested that both lineages reached North America by the late Miocene. Cloning of the A44 region revealed two sequence copies within allopolyploid individuals that were resolved in divergent clades and this helped to identify potential progenitors. We provide competing hypotheses for the progenitor species and biogeographic pathways that gave rise to the allotetraploid lineage, and we propose a North American origin for the Azorean endemic. Taxonomic conclusions include L. graminifolia var. mexicana being raised to specific rank with the name L. brachyrrhyncha and the alleged endemic L. jamaicensis in fact represents the SE Asian L. indica, introduced to Jamaica.

Citation: Jones K. E., Schilling E. E., Dias E. F. & Kilian N. 2018: Northern Hemisphere disjunctions in Lactuca (Cichorieae, Asteraceae): independent Eurasia to North America migrations and allopolyploidization. – Willdenowia 48: 259–284. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.48.48206

Version of record first published online on 24 August 2018 ahead of inclusion in August 2018 issue.

Vepris bali is the first known species of Vepris in WC Africa with opposite, trifoliolate leaves and is further unusual for its long petiolules. Known only from Bali Ngemba Forest Reserve, a remnant of submontane forest under great pressure of degradation in the Bamenda Highlands of Cameroon, it may already be extinct due to tree cutting and agricultural incursions. Here, V. bali is compared with other endemic cloud forest Vepris of the Cameroon Highlands and is described, illustrated, mapped and assessed as Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct) using IUCN 2012 criteria.

Citation: Cheek M., Gosline G. & Onana J.-M. 2018: Vepris bali (Rutaceae), a new critically endangered (possibly extinct) cloud forest tree species from Bali Ngemba, Cameroon. - Willdenowia 48: 285–292. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.48.48207

Version of record first published online on 24 August 2018 ahead of inclusion in August 2018 issue.

Miliusa chantaburiana Damthongdee & Chaowasku, a new species of Annonaceae from SE Thailand, is described and illustrated. It belongs to a clade with campanulate flowers and inner petals that are generally tightly appressed from the base to more or less the midpoint at anthesis. The new species is remarkable in possessing a strongly recurved apex of the inner petals at anthesis and can be principally differentiated from its morphologically closest species, M. pumila Chaowasku and M. filipes Ridl., both from Peninsular Thailand, by the higher number of stamens and carpels per flower and horseshoe-shaped stigmas. Miliusa chantaburiana is also unique in having a 6-base-pair insertion in the plastid matK sequence. A revised key to species in the campanulate-flowered clade in Thailand is given.

Citation: Damthongdee A. & Chaowasku T. 2018: Miliusa chantaburiana (Annonaceae), a new species from SE Thailand. – Willdenowia 48: 293–301. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.48.48208

Version of record first published online on 24 August 2018 ahead of inclusion in August 2018 issue.

We discuss the development of, and trends in, vascular plant taxonomy in Portugal during the 20th century, with emphasis on the institutions and taxonomists that were instrumental in advancing and facilitating this branch of scientific botanical endeavour. We show that the bulk of the nomenclatural novelties published by Portuguese botanists for elements of the vascular flora of the country, and beyond, were produced by a small group of 69 taxonomists who were mostly based at institutions in one of three Portuguese cities: Coimbra, Lisboa (Lisbon) and Porto. In all three instances the individuals were associated with local herbaria that were managed by universities, while in Lisboa other government-sponsored projects and institutions additionally played a pivotal role in the production of complete or partial Floras for Portugal and its former colonies. These individuals are comprehensively tabulated and biographical information is provided for all of them. With 440 names published, Rosette Mercedes Saraiva Batarda Fernandes (1916–2005), who worked at the University of Coimbra, was the most prolific taxonomist in terms of publishing new names. She was the sole author of more than half of these names. Biographies are provided for the ten most prolific Portuguese authors of vascular plant names.

Citation: Figueiredo E., Silva V., Coutinho A. & Smith G. F. 2018: Twentieth century vascular plant taxonomy in Portugal. – Willdenowia 48: 303–330. doi: https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.48.48209

Version of record first published online on 24 August 2018 ahead of inclusion in August 2018 issue.