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22 April 2021 Direct and Knock-on Effects of Water Stress on the Nutrient Contents of Triticum aestivum (Poales: Poaceae) and Population Growth of Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Ya-Ying Lin, Wei-Cheng Liu, Yi-Ting Hsu, Ching-Hsin Hsu, Chi-Chieh Hu, Pavel Saska, Jiří Skuhrovec, Shu-Jen Tuan
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Abstract

To ascertain the direct effects of water stress upon wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) and how these effects, in turn, influence the population growth of the bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.), we conducted a physiological analysis of wheat seedlings grown under three different watering regimes and subsequently determined the population parameters of the aphid using the age-stage, two-sex life table. A significantly higher content of free amino acids and soluble sugars were observed in wheat seedlings exposed to drought stress compared to seedlings that were well-watered and those that were grown under waterlogged conditions. Extended phloem salivation and stylet penetration with shorter duration of sustained ingestion from phloem was observed in an electrical penetration graph (EPG) of R. padi on drought-stressed wheat seedlings. This suggested that the aphid's feeding activity, as well as nutrient intake, were impeded. The significantly higher percentage of essential amino acids found in wheat seedlings grown under waterlogged conditions promoted significantly higher fecundity and intrinsic rate of increase in R. padi populations compared to aphids fed on drought-treated or well-watered wheat seedlings. Our findings suggest that wheat seedling responses to water stress involve changes in sap composition that are responsible for altering the aphids' nutrient intake and consequently affect their population growth. From a grower's perspective, extending wheat cultivation in a rice–wheat rotation paddy field during the winter season may not be economically profitable if the fields are chronically waterlogged, since this may potentially lead to a higher infestation of cereal aphids.

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Ya-Ying Lin, Wei-Cheng Liu, Yi-Ting Hsu, Ching-Hsin Hsu, Chi-Chieh Hu, Pavel Saska, Jiří Skuhrovec, and Shu-Jen Tuan "Direct and Knock-on Effects of Water Stress on the Nutrient Contents of Triticum aestivum (Poales: Poaceae) and Population Growth of Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae)," Journal of Economic Entomology 114(4), 1496-1508, (22 April 2021). https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab069
Received: 13 April 2020; Accepted: 20 March 2021; Published: 22 April 2021
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KEYWORDS
bird cherry-oat aphid
life table
physiological response
water stress
wheat
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