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Seedlings of Hydatellaceae are described for the first time. The seedlings of three species from SW Australia, Hydatella dioica, Trithuria submersa and T. bibracteata were investigated. All proved monocotylar, the cotyledon structure as well as the overall seedling morphology being typical for the monocotyledons. The results are discussed in the light of recent molecular analyses. Seedling morphology does not support the assignment of the family to the Nymphaeales and basal angiosperms, respectively.
Earlier hypotheses of floral evolution in Lysimachia and related genera were tested by phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences from the plastid gene ndhF. It is concluded that taxa with flowers provided with oil-producing trichomes are not advanced and buzz-pollinated species with anther cone are not ancestral as earlier proposed. Instead, species of Lysimachia with buzz-pollinated flowers belong to one derived clade, species with flowers provided with nectar producing trichomes belong to another, both groups having evolved from yellow flowered oil-producing ancestors. We also show that Lysimachia and most of its subgenera as well as the genera Anagallis, Pelletiera and Asterolinon are paraphyletic or polyphyletic as presently circumscribed, and that Trientalis and a few American species of Lysimachia are the closest relatives of the other species of Lysimachia + Anagallis, Asterolinon, Pelletiera and Glaux. The subgeneric classification and the biogeographical patterns in the group are briefly discussed.
The South American Paspalum quadrifarium has been reported as a naturalized xenophyte in Tuscany and Liguria, Italy, since at least the 1960s. In the present contribution the discovery of the closely related P. exaltatum, also of South American origin, in Liguria, Italy, is reported. These are the only known occurrences in Europe of both species, which are very similar to each other and likely to be confused. In the present paper their diagnostic features are discussed and original line drawings and SEM photographs for both taxa are presented. Their current distribution in Italy is shown and some ecological remarks are added.
A variant (mutant) of Aegilops biuncialis with non-shedding spikes, var. tenacissima, is described as new to science and its origin from the diaspore of var. biuncialis documented. Included are short critical remarks on diaspore definition of A. biuncialis.
Continuing a series of miscellaneous contributions, by various authors, where hitherto unpublished data relevant to the Med-Checklist project are presented, this instalment deals with the families Apocynaceae, Buddlejaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Elatinaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rosaceae, Sapindaceae, Solanaceae, Umbelliferae; Gramineae, Orchidaceae and Najadaceae. It includes new country and area records, taxonomic and distributional considerations. Two new combinations (in Schedonorus and Trachomitum) are validated.
Arum megobrebi is described as a new species of A. subg. Arum from NE Turkey and central S Georgia and illustrated. It takes to 29 the number of species currently recognised for the genus. It is closely related to but easily distinguished from A. maculatum by, in particular, its elongate-cylindrical appendix of the spadix.
The Utrish area, including the projected Utrish Nature Reserve, is situated in the NW Transcaucasus on the Abrau Peninsula between Novorossiysk and Anapa and shelters the only relic ecosystems of arid sub-Mediterranean forests in Russia. Our revision of the species inventory of the Utrish area revealed a total of 848 vascular plant species, of which 148 (all flowering plants) were newly recorded during 2002–06 and are listed in the present contribution, among them 15 new records for the NW Transcaucasus. Six species were collected before 1960 and have not been recollected since. 50 species reported in previous publications were found to be based on misidentifications and have to be excluded from the checklist of the Utrish area. The significance of the Utrish area for biodiversity conservation is illustrated by the fact that 43 of the 514 species listed in the forthcoming new Russian Red Data Book and six species listed in the Red Data Book of Krasnodarsky Kray occur in the Utrish area.
During critical investigation of the Umbelliferae in the Near East, N Africa and Europe some additional species were found to be putative relatives of Johrenia and the Peucedanum segregate Johreniopsis. A comparative multivariate analysis of 41 species, based on 32 morphological diagnostic characters, revealed a revised taxonomic grouping of the species. The forgotten generic name Dichoropetalum, typified by D. alpinum, is restored to accommodate a group of 26 SW Asian and Mediterranean species, including species of the former genera Johreniopsis and Holandrea (now regarded as sections), as well as some Peucedanum and Johrenia species. We recognize six sections in Dichoropetalum, of which three are described as new. Two species of Johreniopsis, poorly known before, are transferred to Zeravschania. Johrenia, on the contrary, is regarded as a genus with five species only. Johrenia westii, which requires further investigation, belongs most probably to the genus Ferulago. 28 new nomenclatural combinations are validated and lectotypes are designated for several names.
The genus Pinellia is endemic to E Asia (China, Korea and Japan) with a centre of diversity in E China (Anhui, Zhejiang and Fujiang). Nine species are recognized, among which P. fujianensis is described as new to science. A key to the species, synonymies, descriptions, taxonomic notes, data on habitats and distribution are given and all species are illustrated.
Zomicarpella maculata was described from Colombia in 1881 and never found again until recently, when three new collections from Peru were made. A detailed, revised description and illustrations of this interesting species are provided, and its history, identity and relationships are discussed. Keys to the four genera of the tribe Zomicarpeae and the two species of the genus Zomicarpella are included.
Philodendron scottmorianum from French Guiana is described as a species new to science and illustrated. The species is a member of P. subg. Philodendron sect. Philodendron subsect. Philodendron ser. Philodendron characterized by its thick stems, large ovate-sagittate blades and long-pedunculate green inflorescences. The species is closely allied and compared with P. acutatum.
Philodendron longirrhizum is described as a species new to science. It is known from the Western, Central and Eastern Cordillera in Colombia and from the Cordillera de Mérida in Venezuela, occurring in montane tropical forests at 1650 to 2500 m elevation. The species is a member of P. subg. Philodendron sect. Macrobelium subsect. Glossophyllum ser. Ovata. It is similar to and distinguished from P. montanum and P. fraternum.
Vachellia acuifera, hitherto considered endemic to the Bahamas, has been found as a native element in the natural vegetation of Caletones, a coastal locality of Holguín province, northeastern Cuba. This new record for Cuba is an additional indication for the strong phytogeographic affinities between the northern coast of Cuba and the Bahamas.
Drosera Solaris is described as a new species from Guyana and illustrated. It belongs to D. subg. Drosera sect. Drosera and seems to be related to D. felix and D. kaieteurensis, the only other neotropical species with cup-like dehiscing capsules. Data on its distribution, habitat and ecology as well as an identification key to the three related species are given.
Adiantum krameri is described as a species new to science and illustrated. It is endemic to French Guiana (NE South America) and clearly differs from A. cordatum, with which it has so far been confused.
A first compilation of the lichen flora of Rwanda, east-central Africa, is provided. A total of 178 lichenized fungi and four lichenicolous fungi is included. Pyrrhosphora russula is new to Africa. Thirty-three further species are first records for Rwanda, viz. Arthonia cinnabarina, Candelariella xanthostigma, Canoparmelia ecaperata, C. somaliensis, Collema pulcellum, Dirinaria confluens, Flavoparmelia subamplexa, Graphis scripta, Heterodermia japonica, H. podocarpa, Hyperphyscia syncolla, Leptogium adpressum, L. azureum, L. cyanescens, Parmelinella wallichiana, Parmotrema permutatum, Physcia aipolia, P. erumpens, P. krogiae, P. poncinsii, Pyxine cocoes, P. katendei, P. petricola, P. reticulata, P. subcinerea, Ramalina calcarata, R. disparata, R. pusiola, R. subpusilla, Usnea complanata, U. dasaea, U. himantodes and U. perhispidella.
72 epiphytic taxa are reported from Cupressus sempervirens stands of the islands of Kriti and Kos. Including previously published taxa, the known flora of epiphytic lichens of Greek Cupressus stands comprises 93 taxa. Two taxa, Bacidia parathalassica and B. thurrenica are new to Greece, 21 taxa are new to Kos and 4 taxa are new to Kriti.
71 lichen taxa are reported from Crete. Five species, Caloplaca furfuracea, Koerberia biformis, Ochrolechia macrospora, Placidiopsis tenella and Xanthomendoza aphrodites, are new to Greece and further 34 taxa are new to Crete. Additional 13, 1, 6 and 10 taxa are reported for the first time for the Nomi Chanion, Rethimnion, Irakliou and Lassithi, respectively.
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